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Cold-Adapted Enzymes

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Physics and Chemistry Basis of Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Focus on Biotechnology ((FOBI,volume 7))

Conclusions

In the last few years, increased attention has been focused on enzymes produced by cold-adapted micro-organisms. It has emerged that psychrophilic enzymes represent an extremely powerful tool in both protein folding investigations and for biotechnological purposes. Such enzymes are characterised by an increased thermosensitivity and, most of them, by a higher catalytic efficiency at low and moderate temperatures, when compared to their mesophilic counterparts. The high thermosensitivity probably originates from an increased flexibility of either a selected area of the molecular edifice or the overall protein structure, providing enhanced abilities to undergo conformational changes during catalysis at low temperatures. Structure modelling and recent crystallographic data have allowed to elucidate the structural parameters that could be involved in this higher resilience. It was demonstrated that each psychrophilic enzyme adopts its own adaptive strategy. It appears, moreover, that there is a continuum in the strategy of protein adaptation to temperature, as the previously mentioned structural parameters are implicated in the stability of thermophilic proteins. Additional 3D crystal structures, site-directed and random mutagenesis experiments should now be undertaken to further investigate the stability-flexibility-activity relationship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Liège, B6, 4000, Sart-Tilman, Belgium

    D. Georlette, M. Bentahir, P. Claverie, T. Collins, S. D’amico, D. Delille, G. Feller, E. Gratia, A. Hoyoux, T. Lonhienne, M-a. Meuwis, L. Zecchinon & Ch. Gerday

  2. Laboratoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Université P. and M. Curie (Paris 6), CNRS UAII7, F66650, Banyuls-Sur-Mer, France

    D. Georlette, M. Bentahir, P. Claverie, T. Collins, S. D’amico, D. Delille, G. Feller, E. Gratia, A. Hoyoux, T. Lonhienne, M-a. Meuwis, L. Zecchinon & Ch. Gerday

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  1. Interdisciplinaire Research Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium

    Marcel De Cuyper

  2. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Jeff W. M. Bulte

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Georlette, D. et al. (2001). Cold-Adapted Enzymes. In: De Cuyper, M., Bulte, J.W.M. (eds) Physics and Chemistry Basis of Biotechnology. Focus on Biotechnology, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46891-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46891-3_7

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