Trends and Challenges in Enzyme Technology

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE, volume 100)

Abstract

Several major developments took place in the field of biocatalysis over the past few years. These include the invention of directed evolution as an extremely useful method for biocatalyst improvement on the molecular level in combination with high-throughput screening systems, methods for accessing “nonculturable” biodiversity using metagenome approaches and progress in sequence-based biocatalyst discovery. In addition, new carriers and tools for immobilization of enzymes have been developed. For the synthesis of optically active compounds impressive examples using new enzymes and major progress in dynamic kinetic resolutions of racemates took place. These achievements are summarized in this review.

Biocatalysis Directed evolution Immobilization Biodiversity Metagenome High-throughput screening Dynamic kinetic resolution 

Abbreviations

CLEC

Cross-linked enzyme crystals

CLEA

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates

DKR

Dynamic kinetic resolution

DMF

Dimethylformamide

E

Enantioselectivity/enantiomeric ratio

ee

Enantiomeric excess

epPCR

Error-prone PCR

FACS

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting

GC

Gas chromatography

ITCHY

Incremental truncation of chimeric hybrid enzymes

IVC

In vitro compartmentalization

StEP

Staggered extension process

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Technical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryGreifswald UniversityGreifswaldGermany

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