ZnO: Photoelectrochemical Cells Analysis
Chapter
First Online:
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) basic concept and its construction is presented in this chapter. Two types of PEC are chosen as it were fabricated based on the optimal properties of ZnO synthesized by sol–gel process. Both of PEC performances are explained by the current density–voltage (J–V) properties of the PEC under illuminated and dark conditions.
Keywords
Photoelectrochemical cells Current density–voltage Illuminated DarkReferences
- 1.Fujishima, A., Honda, K.: Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 238, 37–38 (1972)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Smestad, G.P.: Education and solar conversion: demonstrating electron transfer. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 55, 157–178 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.Li, B., Wang, L., Kang, B., Wang, P., Qiu, Y.: Review of recent progress in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90, 549–573 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Hara, K., Arakawa, H.: Dye-sensitized solar cells. In: Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, pp. 663–700. Wiley, USA (2005)Google Scholar
- 5.Tennakone, K., Kumara, G.R.R.A., Kottegoda, I.R.M., Perera, V.P.S.: An efficient dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical solar cell made from oxides of tin and zinc. Chem. Commun. 15–16 (1999) Google Scholar
- 6.Hara, K., Horiguchi, T., Kinoshita, T., Sayama, K., Sugihara, H., Arakawa, H.: Highly efficient photon-to-electron conversion with mercurochrome-sensitized nanoporous oxide semiconductor solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 64, 115–134 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.Ip, K., Thaler, G.T., Yang, H., Youn Han, S., Li, Y., Norton, D.P., Pearton, S.J., Jang, S., Ren, F.: Contacts to ZnO. J. Cryst. Growth 287, 149–156 (2006)Google Scholar
- 8.Boschloo, G., Edvinsson, T., Hagfeldt, A.: Chapter 8—dye-sensitized nanostructured ZnO electrodes for solar cell applications. In: Tetsuo, S. (ed.) Nanostructured Materials for Solar Energy Conversion, pp. 227–254. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2006)Google Scholar
- 9.Gonzalez-Valls, I., Lira-Cantu, M.: Vertically-aligned nanostructures of ZnO for excitonic solar cells: a review. Energy Environ. Sci. 2, 19–34 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Hosono, E., Fujihara, S., Honma, I., Zhou, H.: The fabrication of an upright-standing zinc oxide nanosheet for use in dye-sensitized solar cells. Adv. Mater. 17, 2091–2094 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.Keis, K., Magnusson, E., Lindström, H., Lindquist, S.-E., Hagfeldt, A.: A 5% efficient photoelectrochemical solar cell based on nanostructured ZnO electrodes. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 73, 51–58 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Kakiuchi, K., Hosono, E., Fujihara, S.: Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of ZnO electrodes sensitized with N-719. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. 179, 81–86 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Ku, C.-H., Wu, J–.J.: Chemical bath deposition of ZnO nanowire–nanoparticle composite electrodes for use in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanotechnology 18, 505706 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.Goncalves, A.d.S., Davolos, M.R., Masaki, N., Yanagida, S., Morandeira, A., Durrant, J.R., Freitas, J.N., Nogueira, A.F.: Synthesis and characterization of ZnO and ZnO:Ga films and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans. 1487–1491 (2008)Google Scholar
- 15.Alias, S.S.: Synthesis and Characterization of Agar Gel Polymer Electrolyte and Zinc Oxide for Photoelectrochemical Cell, Masters of Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia (2011)Google Scholar
- 16.Buraidah, M.H., Teo, L.P., Majid, S.R., Arof, A.K.: Characteristics of TiO2/solid electrolyte junction solar cells with redox couple. Opt. Mater. 32, 723–728 (2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Mohamad, S.A., Yahya, R., Ibrahim, Z.A., Arof, A.K.: Photovoltaic activity in a ZnTe/PEO–chitosan blend electrolyte junction. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91, 1194–1198 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Kaneko, M., Hoshi, T.: Dye-sensitized solar cell with polysaccharide solid electrolyte. Chem. Lett. 32, 872–873 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Philias, J.M., Marsan, B.: All-solid-state photoelectrochemical cell based on a polymer electrolyte containing a new transparent and highly electropositive redox couple. Electrochim. Acta 44, 2915–2926 (1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.Li Jian, K.: Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide powder via sol-gel route for quasi-solid-state solar cells. Final Year Project Report, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia (2009)Google Scholar
- 21.Tan, A.L., Khoo, L.J., Alias, S.S., Mohamad, A.A.: ZnO nanoparticles and poly(acrylic) acid-based polymer gel electrolyte for photo electrochemical cell. J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol. 64, 184–192 (2012)Google Scholar
- 22.Guillén, E., Fernández-Lorenzo, C., Alcántara, R., Martín-Calleja, J., Anta, J.A.: Solvent-free ZnO dye-sensitised solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93, 1846–1852 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.Stergiopoulos, T., Arabatzis, I.M., Cachet, H., Falaras, P.: Photoelectrochemistry at SnO2 particulate fractal electrodes sensitized by a ruthenium complex: Solid-state solar cell assembling by incorporating a composite polymer electrolyte. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. 155, 163–170 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.Tan, W.C., Alias, S.S., Ismail, A.B., Mohamad, A.A.: Effect of styrene–acrylonitrile content on 0.5 M NaI/0.05 M I2 liquid electrolyte encapsulation for dye-sensitized solar cells. J. Solid State Chem. 16, 2103–2112 (2012)Google Scholar
Copyright information
© The Author(s) 2014