Abstract
Increasing population has led to increased demand of food supply which marks greater importance to the agriculture sector worldwide. Chemical pesticides applied with an intention to maximize agriculture productivity and crop yield are leaving high residues in the agricultural soils, influencing the soil health adversely. Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) are largely known to be applied for their role in enhancing plant growth, thereby becoming a favourable choice for developing the new age bioinoculants. Presently, many researchers are concentrating their efforts to explore the potential of PGPMs to fight this problem of chemical residue accumulation in soils. Employing PGPM for bioremediation process would provide dual benefits to agricultural fields.
In this chapter the focus would be on exploring the role of PGPMs to remediate widely applied organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) that belong to the group of second-generation pesticides. The chapter begins with details of OPP application worldwide and the toxicity issues raised by their usage. A consolidation of reports on pesticide-associated toxicity in humans/higher mammals and the possible route of accidental ingestion through consumption of pesticide-laden agriculture products is presented. The chapter also elaborates on the role of PGPMs in OPP bioremediation by means of employing different biomolecules and enzymes produced by them in response to pesticide stress. Further, the manuscript presents research reports on PGPM application for OPP remediation along with future scope of research in this field. The chapter presents an overall critical analysis on why PGPM-based residual pesticide remediation is the safest solution by far to minimize migration of toxic pesticide residues to the food chain and plug in the accidental ingestion risk of residual pesticides.
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We thankfully acknowledge the support of our institute (JIIT) for encouraging our academic and scientific endeavours. Our sincere thanks to the editor and publisher for providing us with an opportunity to present a critical overview on PGPM research.
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Sundari, S.K., Prakash, A., Yadav, P., Kumari, A. (2019). Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes as Front-Runners for On-site Remediation of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues in Agriculture Soils. In: Arora, N., Kumar, N. (eds) Phyto and Rhizo Remediation. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 9. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9664-0_11
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