Production of Amino Acids (L-Glutamic Acid and L-Lysine) from Biomass

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Biofuels and Biorefineries book series (BIOBIO)

Abstract

Since the discovery of Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum over a half century ago, amino acid fermentation has been one of the largest microbial-based industries, with L-glutamic acid and L-lysine accounting for the majority of amino acids produced. After considerable effort at generating over-producing mutants by random mutagenesis, advances in metabolic and genetic engineering techniques and sequence analysis have greatly facilitated rational design of over-producing strains with expanded carbon utilization. Recent enthusiasm on the utilization of biomass to produce fuels and chemicals has reached the field of amino acid fermentation, and many studies have reported methods to produce L-glutamic acid and L-lysine from biomass. Although L-glutamic acid and L-lysine are predominantly used as flavor enhancers and animal feed additives, respectively, these two amino acids have received considerable attention as platform chemicals for synthesizing building blocks of polymers and carbon fibers. This chapter provides an overview of the microbial production of L-glutamic acid and L-lysine as platform chemicals from biomass.

Keywords

L-Glutamic acid L-Lysine Amino acid fermentation Biomass Lignocellulose Corynebacterium glutamicum 
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Copyright information

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Institute for Frontier Science InitiativeKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
  2. 2.Graduate School of Science, Technology and InnovationKobe UniversityKobeJapan
  3. 3.Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of EngineeringKobe UniversityKobeJapan
  4. 4.RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohamaJapan

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