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Hype and Hopes of Stem Cell Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Regenerative Medicine: Laboratory to Clinic

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Abstract

Hope from the regeneration promoting effects of stem cells have provided new insights for understanding diseases that were previously thought to have a limited prognostic improvement upon medical intervention. This is especially indicated in neurodegenerative diseases, which until the discovery and research in stem cells were thought to have minimal regenerative capabilities. This review covers various treatment modalities involving different types of stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells, which have been tested for various neurodegenerative disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Age Related Macular Degeneration.

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Abbreviations

AHSCT:

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

AMD:

Age-related macular degeneration

aNSCs:

Adult neural stem cells

CNS:

Central nervous system

EAE:

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

GID:

Graft-induced dyskinesia

hPDLSCs:

Human periodontal ligament stem cells

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

MSC-NPs:

Mesenchymal stem cell derived-neural progenitors

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NPC:

Neural precursor cell

NSCs:

Neural stem cells

OPCs:

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

PPMS:

Primary progressive MS

RPCs:

Retinal progenitor cells

RPE:

Retinal pigment epithelium

RRMS:

Relapsing-remitting disease

S-MSCs:

MSCs isolated from skin tissue

SPMS:

Secondary progressive MS

sTNFR1:

Soluble TNF receptor 1

TEPs:

Thymic epithelial progenitors

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor α

VPA:

Valproic acid

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Conflict of interest:

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Neel Kamal Sharma

  2. Department of Functional Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Deepali Mathur

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, UTMB, Galveston, TX, USA

    Monika Vinish

  4. Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Rupali Sharma

  5. Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India

    Kulsajan Bhatia & Viraaj Pannu

  6. Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

    Akshay Anand Ph.D.

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  1. Neel Kamal Sharma
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  2. Deepali Mathur
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  4. Rupali Sharma
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Correspondence to Akshay Anand Ph.D. .

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  1. Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

    Asok Mukhopadhyay

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Sharma, N.K. et al. (2017). Hype and Hopes of Stem Cell Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases. In: Mukhopadhyay, A. (eds) Regenerative Medicine: Laboratory to Clinic. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3701-6_13

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