PBNC 2016: Proceedings of The 20th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference pp 547-554 | Cite as
Study on Radioactive Contaminated Soil Remediation Technologies and Selection Principles
Abstract
A large number of radioactive materials entered the soil environment by Fukushima nuclear accident, and large area of contaminated soil with radioactive materials became the thorniest problem of Japanese government after the accident. On the basis of the mechanism of radionuclide migration in the soil, such as physical migration, chemical migration, biological migration, and the composite of different migration processes, the series of radionuclide-contaminated soil repair methods is discussed. There are move and replace with out-soil methods aiming at physical migration, there are ion exchange method and oxidation-reduction method aiming at chemical migration, there are microbial remediation and phytoremediation aiming at biological migration. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods and applicable range are illustrated. The final remediation target is the first priority when selecting remediation methods. Then, the influence factors on remediation effect should be considered, including the principles of radiation protection, radioactive pollution levels, soil characteristics, hydrological and meteorological conditions, the radionuclide migration way influence. Finally, there will be a comprehensive comparison from method feasibility, economic affordability, and environmental and legal compatibility. The feasibility of remediation methods includes appropriate repair methods, acceptable repair time, good repair effect, etc. Economic affordability means repair costs can be bearable and as less as better. Environmental and legal compatibility refers that after the restoration the residual risk of nuclides in environment is acceptable and the long-term effect is negligible and meets the requirements of relevant laws and regulations standard.
Keywords
Radioactive contamination Soil remediation Selection principles Remediation technology FactorReferences
- 1.International Atomic Energy Agency. International Fact Finding Expert Mission Of The Fukushima Dai-Ichi NPP Accident Following The Great East Japan Earthquake And Tsunami [R].The Great East Japan Earthquake Expert Mission, Japan, 2011.Google Scholar
- 2.Kashparov V A, Lundin S M, Zvarych S I, et al. Territory contamination with the radionuclides representing the fuel component of Chernobyl fallout [J]. Sci total environ, 2003,317(1):105–119.Google Scholar
- 3.Francis AT, Huang JW. Proceedings of International Conference of Soil Remediation [M]. Zhejiang: Zhejiang Publisher, 2000, 150–157.Google Scholar
- 4.Endo S, Kimura S, Takatsuji T, et al. Measurement of Soil contamination by radionuclides due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident and associated estimated cumulative external dose estimation [J]. J environ radio-act, 2012, 111:18–27.Google Scholar
- 5.Yasunari T J, Stohl A, Hayano R S, et al. Cesium-137 deposition and contamination of Japanese soils due to the Fukushima nuclear accident [J]. Proceed Natio Acade Sci, 2011, 108(40):19530–19534.Google Scholar
- 6.Abdelouas A. Uranium mill tailings: geochemistry mineralogy, and environmental impact [J]. Elemen, 2006,2(6):335–341.Google Scholar
- 7.EBBS S D, BRAD Y D J, KOCHIAN L V. Role of uranium speciation in the uptake and translocation of uranium by plants [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 49:1183–1190.Google Scholar
- 8.ROY BENNETT. Soil availability, plant up stake and soil to plant transfer of 99Tc 2a review [J]. Environ Radioactivity, 2003, 65(2):215–231.Google Scholar