Identification of Aldolase C, Actin-Related Protein 2 Homolog, and Enolase 1 as Potential Biomarkers for Electrically Stunned Chickens

Conference paper
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Abstract

Halal slaughtered chicken is a major concern among Muslims. Currently, stunning methods has been adopted worldwide aiming at maximizing production. However, stunning treatment which is not in compliance with the Islamic teaching will end up with unlawful chickens for Muslim consumption. In this study, proteomics methods have been used to identify potential biomarkers for the effects of electrical stimulation on the protein profiles of chicken’s brain. The protein profiles were constructed in order to detect any differences in the protein expression and modifications. The electrical stimulation was conducted with different current and voltage. The different voltages studied were 10, 40, and 70 V while the values for current studied were 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 A. The profiles from these electrically stimulated chicken were compared to the 0 A, 0 V non-stunned sample. After the proteomics analyses using 2D Platinum ImageMaster 6.0 and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) identification, aldolase C, actin-related protein 2 homolog (ARP2), and enolase 1 were identified to be positively present in the brain sample of electrically stimulated samples. The over expression of the proteins were further confirmed at the transcriptional level by real-time PCR. Results from MALDI-TOF and real-time PCR were in agreement. Therefore, this identification of biomarkers for electrically stimulated chicken’s brain provides a novel approach on differentiating the stunned chickens from the non-stunned ones.

Keywords

Biomarker Chickens Slaughtering Stunning 
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Notes

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Malaysia, for funding the research through research grant FRGS 02-07-43 and Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) for providing NSF scholarship for Norshahida Abu Samah throughout her MSc program.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Norshahida A. Samah
    • 1
  • Azura Amid
    • 2
  • Faridah Yusof
    • 3
  1. 1.Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversity Malaysia KelantanJeliMalaysia
  2. 2.Bioprocess and Molecular Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
  3. 3.Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

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