Bacteria

  • Joel P. Siegel
Chapter

Abstract

Insect pathogenic bacteria occur in the families Bacilliaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Micrococcaceae (Tanada and Kaya, 1993). The emphasis in this chapter will be on species used for the control of insect pests. Today, the principal microbial insecticides utilize spore-forming bacteria or bacterial toxins produced by spore-forming bacteria (Bacillaceae) as their active ingredient, and the currently marketed transgenic plants with insecticidal properties incorporate toxin genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). With the exception of Serratia entomophila, the entomopathogenic bacteria readily available commercially belong to two genera, Bacillus and Paenibacillus. Although P. (= Bacillus) popilliae was the first microbial insecticide registered in the USA in 1948 for use against the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Klein, 1992), its importance was eclipsed by the commercialization of Bt, whose host spectrum includes coleopteran, dipteran, and lepidopteran pest species. More recently, Bacillus sphaericus (VectoLex®) has been commercialized by Abbott Laboratories (North Chicago, IL) for mosquito control; as of January, 2000, Sumitomo Corporation will own the Abbott Laboratories Agricultural Division.

Keywords

Bacillus Thuringiensis Larvicidal Activity Bacillus Sphaericus Japanese Beetle Parasporal Crystal 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2000

Authors and Affiliations

  • Joel P. Siegel
    • 1
  1. 1.Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research LaboratoryUnited States Department of AgricultureFresnoUSA

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