Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Definition of Consciousness Impossible and Unnecessary?

  • Chapter
Integrative Biophysics

  • 505 Accesses

Abstract

Wow! What a title! An author daring to write something under such a title immediately makes himself look ridiculous. He must either be totally ignorant of what is going on in the field, or have up his sleeve something like a panacea or ‘philosophical stone’ — a recipe for the solution of a problem on which the greatest minds of mankind have broken their brains. The author’s arrogant impudence is even more emphasized by his double affiliation, which appears rather suspicious and not suited to an attack on such an impregnable bulwark that has excited and tried human intellectual capacity since the very outset of civilization. Moreover, if this is just another essay or review, it is doubtful that something new in principle can be found: everything has already been masticated many times over. Therefore, it may seen that only a lazy curiosity could make a reader go on reading the paper. The author can only declare that the title’s intention is quite serious and this presentation is not a review.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allport, A. (1988) What concept of consciousness? In Consciousness in Contemporary Science, A. Marcel and Bisiach, E. (eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 161–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Angell, J.R. (1904) Psychology: an Introductory Study of the Structure and Functions of Human Consciousness. Holt, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Antoniou, I. (1992) Is consciousness decidable? In Science and Consciousness, Proceedings of the 2“d International Symposium, January 3–7, 1992, Athens, pp. 69–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babloyantz, A. (1986) Molecules, Dynamics, and Life. John Wiley Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baars, B.J. (1988) A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beeson, M. (1985) Foundations of Constructive Mathematics. Springer, E. Bishop, Berlin.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Beloussov, L.V. (1994) Alexander Gavrilovitsch Gurwitsch (1874–1954). Rivista di Biologia — Biology Forum, 87, 119–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertalanffy, L. von (1933) Modern Theories of Development: An Introduction to Theoretical Biology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieri, P. (1995) Why is consciousness puzzling? In Conscious Experience, Metzinger, T. (ed), Schoening, Imprint Academic, Paderborn, pp. 45–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohr, N. (1958) Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. Wiley Sons, New York.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, J. (1990) Contemporary models of consciousness: Part I. The Journal of Mind and Behavior, 11, 153–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burns, J. (1991) Contemporary models of consciousness: Part II. The Journal of Mind and Behavior, 12, 407–420.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Cairns-Smith, A.G. (1982) Genetic Takeover and the Mineral Origin of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. (1983) Bioenergetics and Linear Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers, D.J. (1995) Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2, 200–219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers, D.J. (1996) The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory. Oxford University Press, New York - Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. (1988) Language and Problem of Knowledge. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachu-setts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A. (1992) Sensory Qualities. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clifford W.K. (1874) In Lectures and Essays, Stephen, L. and Pollock (eds), Macmillan, 1879, London, pp. 31–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crick, F.H.C. (1994a) The Astonishing Hypothesis - The Scientific Search for the Soul. Simon and Schuster, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crick, F.H.C. (1994b) Interview with J. Clark at the launch of the new book `The Astonishing Hypothesis’. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 1, 10–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crick, F.H.C. Koch, C. (1990) Toward a neurobiological theory of consciousness. Seminars in the Neurosciences, 2, 263–275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins, R. (1976) The Selfish Gene. Oxford University Press, Oxford; New edition ( 1989 ), Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Damasio, A.R. (1989) The brain binds entities end events by multiregional activation from con-vergence zones. Neural Computation, 1, 123–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deikman, A.J. (1996) `I’ = Awareness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 3, 350–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennett, D.C. (1991) Consciousness Explained. Little-Brown Co.; 2nd edition ( 1993 ), Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennett, D.C. (1995) Darwin’s Dangerous Idea. Simon and Schuster, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennett, D.C. (1996) Facing backwards on the problem of consciousness. Journal of Conscisciousness Studies, 3, 4–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Driesch, H. (1891) Entwicklungsmechanische Studien. 1. Der Werth der beiden ersten Furchungszellen in der Echinodermenentwicklung Experimentelle Erzeugung von Theil-und Doppelbildungen. Zeitschrift f lr Zoology, 53, 160–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Driesch, H. (1908) Science and Philosophy of the Organism. Adam Charles Black, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Driesch, H. (1915) Vitalism: Its History and System. Russian Edition, A.G.Gurwitsch (ed), the authorized translation from German into Russian by A.G. Gurwitsch (In Russion).

    Google Scholar 

  • Du Bois-Reymond, E. (1872) Über die Grenzen des Naturerkennens. Quoted from “Vorträge über Philosophie und Gesellschaft” ( 1974 ), Meiner, Hamburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. C. (1986) Do mental events cause neural events analogously to the probability fields of quantum mechanics? Proceedings of the Royal Society. London B, 227, 411–428.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. C. (1990) A unitary hypothesis of mind-brain interaction in the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London B, 240, 433–451.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. C. (1994) How the SELF Controls its BRAIN. Springer-Verlag, Berl in Heidelberg.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Edelman, G. (1989) The Remembered Present: A Biological Theory of Consciousness. Basic Books, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edelman, G. M. (1993) Morphology and mind: Is it possible to construct a perception machine? Frontier Perspectives, 3, 7–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eigen, M. (1992) Steps Towards Life - A Perspective on Evolution, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eigen, M. (1993) The origin of genetic information: viruses as models. Gene, 135, 37–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elitsur, A.C. (1994) Let there be life: Thermodynamic reflections on biogenesis and evolution. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 164, 429–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freud, S. (1964) New Introductory Lectures in Psychoanalysis, Starchey, J. and Freud, A. (eds.), W. W. Norton, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flohr, H. (1992) Qualia and brain processes. In Emergence or Reduction?: Prospects for Nonreductive Physicalism. Beckermann, A. Flohr, H. and Kim, J. (eds), De Gruyter, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gödel, K. (1931) Über formal unentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter System. Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, 38, 173–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin, B.C. (1986) Is biology a historical science? In Science and Beyond, Rose, S. and Appignanese, L. (eds.), Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 47–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1912) Die Vererbung als Verwirklichungsvorgang. Biologische Zentralblatt, 32, 458–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1930) Die histologischen Grundlagen der Biologie. G. Fischer Verlag, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1937) Degradational radiation from central nerval system. Arkhiv Biologiche-skikh Nauk (Archives of Biological Sciences) 45, 53–57 (In Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1944) The Theory of the Biological Field. “Sovetskaya Nauka” Publishing House, Moscow (In Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1947) Une theorie du champ biologique cellulaire. Bibliotheca Biotheoretica, (Leiden), ser. D, v. 11, pp. 1–149 (in French).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1954) Principles of Analytical Biology and the Theory of Cellular Fields. Manuscript, Moscow (In Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. (1991) Principles of Analytical Biology and the Theory of Cellular Fields. Nauka Publishers, Moscow (In Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. and Gurwitsch, L.D. (1948) Introduction into the doctrine of mitogenetic radi-ation. USSR Academy of Medical Sciences Publishing House, Moscow (In Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitsch, A.G. and Gurwitsch, L.D. (1959) Die mitogenetische Strahlung. G. Fischer Verlag, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haeckel, E. (1892) Monism. A. Block, (ed), English Translation published in 1894, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haeckel, E. (1899) The Riddle of the Universe. Watts (ed), English Translation published in 1929, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haken, N. (1977) Synergetics: An Introduction. Springer, Heidelberg.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Hameroff, S. (1994) Quantum coherence in microtubules: A neural basis for an emergent consciousness ? Journal of Consciousness Studies 1, 91–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hameroff, S., Kaszniak, A. Scott, A. (eds), (1996) Toward a Science of Consciousness. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 1–751.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hameroff, S., Kaszniak, A. Scott, A. (eds), (1998) Toward a Science of Consciousness II. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 1–738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hameroff, S., Kaszniak, A. Chalmers,D. (eds), (1999) Toward a Science of Consciousness III. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 1–504.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haraway, D.J. (1976) Cristals, Fabrics, and Fields: Metaphors of Organicism in Twentieth-Century Developmental Biology. Yale University Press, New Haven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardcastle, V.G. (1994) Psychology’s binding problem and possible neurobiological solutions. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 1, 66–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardcastle, V.G. (1996) The why of consciousness: a non-issue for materialists. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 3, 7–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardin, C.L. (1992) Physiology, phenomenology, and Spinoza’s true colors. In Emergence or Reduction?: Prospects for Nonreductive Physicalism, Beckermann, A., Flohr, H. and Kim, J. (eds.), De Gruyter, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamad, S. (2001) No easy way out. The Sciences, 41, 36–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horgan, T. (1982) Supervenience and microphysics. Pacific Philosophical Quaterly, 63, 29–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubel, D.H. and Livingstone, M.S. (1987) Segregation of form, color, and stereopsis in primate area 18. The Journal of Neuroscience, 7, 3378–3415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume, D. (1735/1958) A Treatise on Human Nature. Oxford University Press, Oxford–New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume, D. (1777/1975) Enquiries Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning the Prin-ciples of Morals. Oxford University Press, Oxford - New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, N. (1992) A History of the Mind. Simon Schuster, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Huxley, T.H. (1866) Lessons in Elementary Physiology. Quoted by N. Humphrey (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackendoff, R. (1987) Consciousness and the Computational Mind. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massacusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, W. (1890) The Principles of Psychology. Vol. 1, Henry Holt Co., New York; reprinted by Dover Books, 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman, S. (1996) At Home in the Universe: the Search for Laws of Self-Organization and Complexity. Viking, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. (1984) Concepts of supervenience. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 65, 153–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. (1987) `Strong’ and ‘global’ supervenience revisited. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 68, 315–326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, J. (1983) Materialism and qualia: the explanatory gap. Pacific Philosophical Quaterly, 64, 354–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laszlo, E. (1993) The Creative Cosmos: A Unified Science of Matter, Life and Mind. Floris Books, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lifson, S. (1987) Chemical selection, diversity, teleonomy and the second law of thermodynamics: Reflections of Eigen’s theory of self-organization of matter. Biophysical Chemistry, 26, 303–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1987a) A.G. Gurwitschs Theorie vom biologischen Feld. I. Voraussetzungen, Ursprung, logische Structur und konceptionelle Entwicklung. Fusion (German edition), 8, 30–49 (In German).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1987b) A.G. Gurwitschs Theorie vom biologischen Feld. II. Anwendung der Theorie des vektoriellen biologischen Feldes zur Analyse der verschiedener Phaenomene lebender Systeme. Fusion (German edition), 8, 53–65 (In German).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1992) Can the vitalistic entelechia principle be a working instrument? (The theory of the biological field of Alexander G. Gurwitsch). In Recent Advances in Biophoton Research and its Applications, Popp, F.-A., Li, K. H. and Gu, Q. (eds), World Scientific, Singapore — New Jersey–London–Hong Kong, pp. 469–494.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1996) Application of the theory of biological field by A. Gurwitsch to the problem of consciousness. In Current Development of Biophysics, Zhang, C., Popp, F.-A. and Bischof, M (eds.), Hangzhou University Press, Hangzhou, pp. 223–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1998a). Alexander Gurwitsch and the concept of the biological field. I. Major prerequisites, origin, logical structure and conceptual development. 21st Century Science Technology, 11 /2, 36–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1998b) Alexander Gurwitsch and the concept of the biological field. II. Analysis of different phenomena in living systems by means of the theory of the vectorial biological field. 21st Century Science Technology, 11 /3, 34–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1998c) The concepts of coherence and `binding problem’ as applied to life and consciousness realms (Critical consideration with positive alternative). In Biophotons, Chang, J.J. and Popp, F.-A. (eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 359–373.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (1999) The holistic quality in biology: ontology, epistemology, and causation. Coherence — International Journal of Integrated Medicine, No. 2, 4–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. (2000) The holistic quality in biology in view of the Gurwitschian field principle: ontology, epistemology, and causation. In Biophotonics and Coherent Systems, Beloussov, L., Popp, F.-A., Voeikov, V. and Van Wijk, R. (eds.), Moscow University Press, Moscow, pp. 27–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkind, M. and Beloussov, L. (1995) Alexander Gurwitsch: personality and scientific heritage. In Biophotonics: Non-Equilibrium and Coherent Systems in Biology, Biophysics, and Biotech-nology, Beloussov, L. and Popp, F.-A. (eds), Bioinform Services Co, Moscow, pp. 15–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone, M.S. and Hubel, D.H. (1987) Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. The Journal of Neuroscience, 7, 3416–3468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeb, J. (1906) The Dynamics of Living Matter. Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeb, J. (1912) The Mechanistic Conception of Life. University Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lotka, A. (1925) Elements of Physical Biology. Williams Wilkins, Baltimore; Republished in 1956 as Elements of Mathematical Biology, Dover, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDougall, W. (1938) The Riddle of Life: A Survey of Theories. Methuen, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGinn, C. (1989) Can we solve the mind-body problem? Mind, 98, 349–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGinn, C. (1995) Consciousness and space. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2, 220–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Metzinger, T. (1995) The problem of consciousness. In Conscious Experience, Metzinger, T. (ed.), Schoening, Imprint Academic, Paderborn, pp. 3–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monod, J. (1971) Chance and Necessity: An Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modern Biology. Knopf, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagel, E. and Newman, J. (1958) Gödel ‘s Proof. Routledge Kegan Paul, London — Boston Henley.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Penrose, R. (1994) Shadows of the Mind. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Penrose, R. (1989) The Emperor“s New Mind. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popper, K. and Eccles, J.C. (1977) The Self and Its Brain. Springer International, Berlin.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Prigogine, I. and Stengers, I. (1984) Order out of Chaos. Bantam, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran, V.S. (1990) Visual perception in people and machines. In AI and the Eye, Balke, A. and Trosciankopp, T. (eds), John Wiley and Sons Ltd, New York, pp. 21–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran, V.S. and Anstis, S.M. (1986) The perception of apparent motion. Scientific American, 254, 101–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, G.H. (1996) Rethinking nature: hard problem within the hard problem. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 3, 76–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sperry, R.W. (1980) Mind-brain interaction: Mentalism, yes, dualism, no. Neuroscience, 5, 195–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Searle, J. (1992) The Rediscovery of the Mind MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seager, W. (1995) Consciousness, information and panpsychism. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2, 272–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldrake, R. (1986), Morphogenic field. In Dialogues with Scientists and Sages (the Search for Unity). Weber, R. (ed.), Penguin Group, Arkana, London; first published by Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986, pp. 71–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shear, J. (1995) Explaining consciousness — the `Hard Problem’, Editor’s Introduction. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2, 194–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szent-Gyorgi, A. (1957) Bioenergetics. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyndall, J. (1879) Fragments of Science: A Series of Detached Essays, Addresses and Reviews. Longmans, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toward a Science of Consciousness (2000), Conference Research Abstracts, (a service from the Journal of Consciousness Studies), Tucson, April 10–15, 2000, pp. 1–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toward a Science of Consciousness (2002), Conference Research Abstracts, (a service from the Journal of Consciousness Studies), Tucson, April 8–12, 2002, pp. 1–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toward a Science of Consciousness (Consciousness and Its Place in Nature) (2001), Conference Research Abstracts (a service provided in cooperation with the Journal of Consciousness Studies), Skrlvde, Sweden, August 7–11, 2001, pp. 1–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Treisman, A. (1986) Features and objects in visual processing. Scientific American, 254, 114–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Gulick, R. (1995) What would count as explaining consciousness? In Conscious Experience, Metzinger, T. (ed.), Schoening, Imprint Academic, Paderborn, pp. 61–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welch, G.R. (1992) An analogical “field” construct in cellular biophysics: history and present status. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 57, 71–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Velmans, M. (1995) The relation of consciousness to the material world. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2, 255–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Von der Malsburg, C. (1987) Synaptic plasticity as basis of brain organization. In The Neural and Molecular Bases of Learning, Changeux, J.-P. and Konishi, M. (eds.), John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 411–432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waechterhauser, G. (1988) Before enzymes and templates: theory of surface metabolism. Microcro biological Reviews, 52, 452–484.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, P. (1939) Principles of Development. Holt, Rinehart, Winston, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkes, K.V. (1988) Yishi, Duh, Um and consciousness. In Consciousness in Contemporary Science, Marcel, A. and Bisiach, E. (eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 17–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, J.Z. (1965) The organization of a memory system. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 163, 285–320.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, J.Z. (1973) Memory as a selective process. Australian Academy of Science Report: Symposium on Biological Memory, pp. 25–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, J.Z. (1977) What squids and octopuses tell us about brains and memories. 46th James Arthur Lecture on the Evolution of the Human Brain, The American Museum of Natural History, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeki, S. (1992) The visual image in mind and brain. Scientific American, 254, 68–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Molecular Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Belt Dagan, PO Box 12, 50250, Israel

    Michael Lipkind

  2. International Institute of Biophysics, Neuss-Hombroich, D-41472, Germany

    Michael Lipkind

Authors
  1. Michael Lipkind
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. International Institute of Biophysics, Neuss, Germany

    Fritz-Albert Popp

  2. Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Lev Beloussov

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lipkind, M. (2003). Definition of Consciousness Impossible and Unnecessary?. In: Popp, FA., Beloussov, L. (eds) Integrative Biophysics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0373-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0373-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6228-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0373-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation