Confucian Views of Nature

  • John Berthrong
Part of the Science Across Cultures: The History of Non-Western Science book series (SACH, volume 4)

Abstract

Just as there are many diverse forms of Confucianism, there are divergent Confucian views of nature. The tradition called Confucianism in the West has a long and developmentally complex history in East Asia (Schwartz, 1985; Graham, 1989). Although Confucianism or the teaching of the Ru (scholars) has Chinese origins, Confucian teachings spread and flourished in Korea, Japan and Vietnam (Berthrong, 1998). In order to understand characteristic Confucian reflections on nature, two questions concerning definitions must be addressed. What is Confucianism as a self-reflective tradition or set of traditions? And what do Confucians make of nature?

Keywords

Natural World Qing Dynasty Ming Dynasty Tang Dynasty Social Ethic 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  1. Allan, Sarah. The Way of Water and the Sprouts of Virtue. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.Google Scholar
  2. Ames, Roger T. and David L. Hall. Focusing the Familiar: A Translation and Philosophical Interpretations of the Zhongyong. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2001.Google Scholar
  3. Berthrong, John H. Transformation of the Confucian Way. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1998. Berthrong, John H. and Evelyn Nagai Berthrong. Confucianism: A Short Introduction. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2000.Google Scholar
  4. Black, Alison Harley. Man and Nature in the Philosophical Thought of Wang Fu-chih. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1989.Google Scholar
  5. Bodde, Derk. Chinese Thought, Society, and Science: The Intellectual and Social Background of Science and Technology in Pre-modern China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press,1991.Google Scholar
  6. Bol, Peter K. This Culture of Ours: Intellectual Transition in T’ang and Sung China. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
  7. Chan, Wing-tsit. A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1963.Google Scholar
  8. Chu Hsi and Lü Tsu-ch’ien. Reflections on Things at Hand: The Neo-Confucian Anthology, Wingtsit Chan, trans. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.Google Scholar
  9. Clarke, J.J. Oriental Enlightenment: The Encounter Between Asian and Western Thought. London and New York: Routledge,1997.Google Scholar
  10. Clunas, Craig. Superfluous Things: Material Culture and Social Status in Early Modern China. Urbana: University of Illinois Press,1991.Google Scholar
  11. Clunas, Craig. Fruitful Sites: Garden Culture in Ming Dynasty China. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press,1996.Google Scholar
  12. de Bary, William, Irene Bloom Theodore, and Richard Lufrano, eds. Sources of Chinese Tradition. 2 vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
  13. Elman, Benjamin A. From Philosophy to Philology: Intellectual and Social Aspects of Change in Late Imperial China. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
  14. Feng, Yu-lan. A History of Chinese Philosophy. 2 vols., Derk Bodde, trans. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1952–53.Google Scholar
  15. Graham, A. C. Disputers of the Tao: Philosophical Argument in Ancient China. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court, 1989.Google Scholar
  16. Henderson, John B. The Development and Decline of Chinese Cosmology. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
  17. Hendricks, Robert C. Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching: A Translation of the Startling New Documents Found at Guodian. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
  18. Ho Peng Yoke. Li, Qi and Shu: An Introduction to Science and Civilization in China. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
  19. Ivanhoe, Philip J. Confucian Moral Self Cultivation. 2nd ed. Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2000.Google Scholar
  20. Jensen, Lionel M. Manufacturing Confucianism: Chinese Traditions and Universal Civilization. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press,1997.Google Scholar
  21. Jullien, François. The Propensity of Things: Towards a History of Efficacy in China, Janet Lloyd, trans. New York: Zone Books, 1995.Google Scholar
  22. Kim, Yung Sik. The Natural Philosophy of Chultsi, 1130–1200. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Memoirs of the American Philosophic Society, 2000.Google Scholar
  23. Knoblock, John. Xunzi: A Translation and Study of the Complete Works. 3 vols. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1988–1994.Google Scholar
  24. Kohn, Livia. Daoism in Chinese Culture. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Three Pines Press, 2001. Kuriyama, Shigehisa. The Expressiveness of the Body and the Divergence of Greek and Chinese Medicine. New York: Zone Books,1999.Google Scholar
  25. Lau, D.C. Mencius. 2 vols. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
  26. Lee, Peter H. Sourcebook of Korean Civilization. 2 vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993–1996.Google Scholar
  27. Li, Guohao, Zhang Mengwen, and Cao Tianqin, eds. Explorations in the History of Science and Technology in China. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House,1982.Google Scholar
  28. Lloyd, G.E.R. Adversaries and Authorities: Investigations into Ancient Greek and Chinese Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
  29. Najita, Tetsuo, ed. Tokugawa Political Writings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1998 Nakayama, Shigeru. Academic and Scientific Traditions in China, Japan, and the West, Jerry Dusenbury, trans. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1984.Google Scholar
  30. Needham, Joseph, et al Science and Civilisation in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.Google Scholar
  31. Porkert, Manfred. The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine: Systems of Correspondence. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1974.Google Scholar
  32. Puett, Michael J. The Ambivalence of Creation: Debates Concerning Innovation and Artifice in Early China. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
  33. Qian, Wen-yuan. The Great Inertia: Scientific Stagnation in Traditional China. London and Sydney: Croom Helm, 1985.Google Scholar
  34. Schwartz, Benjamin I. The World of Thought in Ancient China. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University, 1985.Google Scholar
  35. Smith, Richard J. and D.W.Y. Kwok, eds. Cosmology, Ontology, and Human E Y cacy: Essays in Chinese Thought. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1993.Google Scholar
  36. Strassberg, Richard E. Inscribed Landscapes: Travel Writing from Imperial China. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1994.Google Scholar
  37. Sung, Ying-hsing. T’ien-kung K’ai-wu: Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century, E-Tu Zen Sun and Shiou-Chuan Sun, trans. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1966.Google Scholar
  38. Tsunoda, Ryusaku, ed. Sources of the Japanese Tradition. New York: Columbia University Press, 1958.Google Scholar
  39. Tucker, Mary Evelyn. Moral and Spiritual Cultivation in Japanese Neo-Confucianism: The Life and Thought of Kaibara Ekken (1630–1714). Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.Google Scholar
  40. Tucker, Mary Evelyn and John Berthrong, eds. Confucianism and Ecology: The Interrelation of Heaven, Earth, and Humans. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Center for the Study of World Religions, 1998.Google Scholar
  41. Wang, Aihe. Cosmology and Political Culture in Early China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  42. Yasunaga, Toshinobu. Ando Shoeki: Social and Ecological Philosopher of Eighteenth-Century Japan. New York and Tokyo: Weatherhill, 1992.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2003

Authors and Affiliations

  • John Berthrong

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations