Abstract
Arthropods (certain insects and mites) appear at present to have the southernmost known records for resident animals (nearly 84° S. Lat.). Possibly rotifers, tardigrades or protozoans may occur farther south. Arthropods are the dominant strictly land animals of Antarctica, as they are also of oceanic islands and of unfavorable environments in general, such as high mountain ridges or other cold areas. It is true that arthropods are the dominant land animals throughout the world, but in the less favorable environments and on land separated from continental areas by wide sea barriers, the land arthropods hold a much greater position of dominance. Land vertebrates, particularly mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fish, are generally lacking in such situations, and land birds are generally few or lacking so that the only vertebrates are often sea birds, marine mammals and fish. This is likewise the situation on the Antarctic continent, and to a large degree on the subantarctic islands also.
Partial results of research under the United States Antarctic Research Program, in part supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
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Gressitt, J.L. (1965). Biogeography and Ecology of Land Arthropods of Antarctica. In: van Mieghem, J., van Oye, P. (eds) Biogeography and Ecology in Antarctica. Monographiae Biologicae, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7204-0_14
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