JFETs and MESFETs — Field Effect Transistors

  • A. G. Milnes

Abstract

For their function junction field effect transistors (JFETs) depend on reverse-biased junction depletion regions that control majority carrier conduction in thin channels between ohmic contacts to source and drain regions. The structures require fewer masking steps and fewer diffusions than bipolar transistors and may be made either n channel or p channel. The contact through which the majority carriers enter the channel is termed the source S, and the exit is the drain D. The circuit symbol and some characteristics for an n channel FET are shown in Fig. 6.1. A MESFET is similar except that the junction is a metal-semiconductor barrier. MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor FETs) are considered in Chap. 7.

Keywords

Field Effect Transistor Noise Figure Bipolar Transistor Microwave Theory Conversion Gain 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References and Further Reading Suggestions

  1. 1.
    Arai, M., “Charge-storage junction field-effect transistor,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 181.Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Arai, Y., et al., “A 6-GHz four-stage GaAs MESFET power amplifier,” IEEE Trans, on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MIT-24, 1976, p. 381.Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    Asai, S., S. Ishioka, H. Kurano, S. Takahashi, and H. Kodera, “Effects of deep centers on microwave frequency characteristics of GaAs Schottky barrier gate FET,” Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Solid State Devices, Tokyo, 1972. Supplement to the Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Physics, 42, 1973, p. 71.Google Scholar
  4. 4.
    Asai, S., H. Kurono, S. Takahashi, M. Hirao, and H. Kodera, “Single-and dual-gate GaAs Schottky-barrier FET’s for microwave frequencies,” Proceedings of the Fifth Conference (1973 International) on Solid State Devices, Tokyo, 1973. Supplement to the Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Physics, 43, 1974, p. 442.Google Scholar
  5. 5.
    Asai, S., F. Murai, and H. Kodera, “GaAs Dual-gate Schottky-barrier FET’s for microwave frequencies,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 897.Google Scholar
  6. 6.
    Asai, S., S. Okazaki, and H. Kodera, “Optimized design of GaAs FET’s for low noise microwave amplifiers,” Solid-State Electronics, 19, 1976, p. 463.Google Scholar
  7. 7.
    Baechtold, W., “Noise behavior of GaAs field-effect transistors with short gate lengths,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-19, 1972, p. 674.Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    Baechtold, W., “Noise behavior of Schottky barrier gate field-effect transistors at microwave frequencies,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-18, 1971, p. 97.Google Scholar
  9. 9.
    Baechtold, W., K. Daetwyler, T. Forster, T.O. Mohr, W. Walter, and P. Wolf, “Si and GaAs 0.5 μm gate Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors,” Electronics Lett., 9, 1973, p. 232.Google Scholar
  10. 10.
    Baliga, B.J., D.E. Houston, and S. Krishna, “GAMBIT: Gate Modulated Bipolar Transistor,” Solid-State Electronics, 18, 1975, p. 937.Google Scholar
  11. 11.
    Bandy, S.G., and J.G. Linvill, “The design, fabrication, and evaluation of a silicon junction field-effect photodetector,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-20, 1973, p. 793.Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    Barrera, J.S., “Microwave transistor review, Part 1, GaAs field effect transistors,” Microwave Journal, February, 1976, p. 28.Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Barrera, J., and R. Archer, “InP Schottky-gate field-effect transistors,” IEEE Trans. Election Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 1023.Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    Benjamin, J.A., and E.T. Casterline, “Trends in microwave power transistors,” Solid State Tech., April 1975, p. 51-56.Google Scholar
  15. 15.
    Behle, A., and R. Zuleeg, “Fast neutron tolerance of GaAs JFET’s operating in the hot electron range,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-19, 1972, p. 993.Google Scholar
  16. 16.
    Beneking, H., J. Jahncke, J. Naumann, “Procedures for the measurement of s-parameters and the construction of stripline connected GaAs MSFET’s in the 10 GHz range,” Third Biennial Cornell Electrical Engineering Conference, Ithaca, NY, 1971, p. 427.Google Scholar
  17. 17.
    Beneking, H., and W. Filensky, “The GaAs MESFET as a pulse regenerator on the Gigabit per second range,” IEEE Trans, on Microwave Theory and Technique, MTT-24, 1976, p. 385.Google Scholar
  18. 18.
    Blocker, T.G., H.M. Macksey, and R.L. Adams, “X-band RF power performance of GaAs FET’s,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1974, p. 288.Google Scholar
  19. 19.
    Brewer, R.J., “The ‘Barrier Mode’ behavior of a junction FET at low drain currents,” Solid-State Electronics, 18, 1975, p. 1013.Google Scholar
  20. 20.
    Burman, B., “Vacuum tubes yield sockets to hybrid JFET devices,” Electronics, April 10, 1972, p. 85.Google Scholar
  21. 21.
    Camisa, R.L., J. Goel, and I. Drukier, “GaAs MESFET linear power-amplifier stage giving 1 W,” Electronics Lett., 11, 1975, p. 572.Google Scholar
  22. 22.
    Cho, A.Y., and D.R. Chien, “GaAs MESFET prepared by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE),” Appl. Phys. Lett., 28, 1976, p. 30.Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Dacey, G.C., and I.M. Ross, “Unipolar ‘field-effect’ transistor,” Proc. IRE, 41, 1973, p. 970.Google Scholar
  24. 24.
    Das, M.B., and P. Schmidt, “High-frequency limitations of abrupt-junction FET’s,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-20, 1973, p. 779.Google Scholar
  25. 25.
    Dean, R.H., “Reflection amplification in thin layers of n-GaAs,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-19, 1972, p. 1148.Google Scholar
  26. 26.
    Dean, R.H., A.B. Dreeben, J.J. Hughes, R.J. Matarese, and L.S. Napoli, “Broad-band microwave measurements on GaAs traveling wave transistors,” IEEE Trans, on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-21, 1973, p. 805.Google Scholar
  27. 27.
    Dean, R.H., and R.J. Matarese, “Submicrometer self-aligned dual-gate GaAs FET,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 358.Google Scholar
  28. 28.
    Decker, D., R. Fairman, and C. Nishimoto, “Microwave InGaAs Schottky-barrier-gate field-effect transistors-prelimary results,” in: Proc. 1975 Cornell Conf. on Active Semiconductor Devices for Microwaves and Integrated Optics, p. 305.Google Scholar
  29. 29.
    DeKold, D.F., “Diodes stabilize FET gain to 1% over 100°C range,” Electronics, June 7, 1971, p. 82.Google Scholar
  30. 30.
    DeMassa, T.A., and S.R. Iyer, “Closed form solution for the linear graded JFET,” Solid-State Electronics, 18, 1975, p. 931.Google Scholar
  31. 31.
    Diamond, L., and A.V. Siefert, “Designing differential FET inputs with overall performance in mind,” Electronics, June 21, 1971, p. 76.Google Scholar
  32. 32.
    Drangeid, K.E. and R. Sommerhaider, “Dynamic performance of Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors,” IBM Journal of Research and Development, 14, 1970, p. 82.Google Scholar
  33. 33.
    Driver, M.C., H.B. Kim, and D.L. Barrett, “Gallium arsenide self-aligned gate field-effect transistors,” Proc. IEEE, 50, 1971, p. 1244.Google Scholar
  34. 34.
    Engelmann, R.W.H., and C.A. Liechti, “Gunn domain formation in the saturated current region of GaAs MESFETs,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1976, p. 351.Google Scholar
  35. 35.
    Evans, A.D., “Characteristics of unipolar field-effect transistors,” Electronic Industries, 22, 1963, p. 99.Google Scholar
  36. 36.
    Fair, R.B., “Graphical design and iterative analysis of the DC parameter of GaAs FET’s,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-21, 1974, p. 357.Google Scholar
  37. 37.
    Fairman, R.D., and R. Solomon, “Submicron epitaxial films for GaAs field effect transistors,” J. Electrochem. Soc. 120, 1973, p. 541.Google Scholar
  38. 38.
    Filensky, W., H-J. Klein, and H. Beneking, “The GaAs MESFET as a pulse regenerator, amplifier, and laser modulator in the Gbit/s range,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-12, 1977, p. 276.Google Scholar
  39. 39.
    Fukuta, M., H. Ishikawa, K. Suyama, and M. Maeda, “GaAs 8 GHz-band high power FET,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1974, p. 285.Google Scholar
  40. 40.
    Fukuta, M., et al., “Power GaAs MESFET with a high drain-source breakdown voltage,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 312.Google Scholar
  41. 41.
    Fullagar, D., “Better understanding of FET operation yields viable monolithic JFET op amp,” Electronics, November 6, 1972, p. 89.Google Scholar
  42. 42.
    Gelnovatch, V.G., “ECOM M/W contracts,” Microwave Journal, 18, January, 1975, p. 30.Google Scholar
  43. 43.
    Gelnovatch, V.G., and C. Liechti, “FET Fortran IV”,” Microwave Journal, 18, January 1975, p. 22.Google Scholar
  44. 44.
    Gosling, W., ”The pre-history of the transistor,” Radio and Electronic Engineer, 43, 1973, p. 10.Google Scholar
  45. 45.
    Graffevil, J., and J. Caiminade, “Low-frequency noise in GaAs Schottky gate FET’s,” Electronics Lett., 10, 1974, p. 266.Google Scholar
  46. 46.
    Graham, E.D., Jr., and C.W. Gwyn, Microwave Transistors, Artech House, Inc., Dedham, Massachusetts, 1975.Google Scholar
  47. 47.
    Grebene, A.B., and S.K. Ghandhi, “Pinched-mode operation of field-effect transistors,” Proc. IEEE, 57, 1969, p. 230.Google Scholar
  48. 48.
    Grove, A.S., Physics and Technology of Semiconductor Devices, John Wiley and Sons, NY, 1967.Google Scholar
  49. 49.
    Hardeman, L.J., “FET low-noise R&D heats up,” Electronics, January 17, 1972, p. 90.Google Scholar
  50. 50.
    Haslett, J.W., E.J.M. Kendall, and F.J. Scholz, “Design considerations for improving low-temperature noise performance of silicon JFET’s,” Solid-State Electronics, 18, 1975, p. 199.Google Scholar
  51. 51.
    Hault, D.I., and R.E. Richards, “UHFFET preamplifier with a 0.3 dB noise figure,” Electronics Letters, 11, 1975, p. 596.Google Scholar
  52. 52.
    Heald, R.A., and D.A. Hodges, “Multilevel random access memory using one JFET per cell,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1975, p. 324.Google Scholar
  53. 53.
    Herskowitz, G.J., and R.B. Schilling, eds., Semiconductor Device Modeling for Computer-Aided Design, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1972.Google Scholar
  54. 54.
    Hewitt, B.S., et al., “Low noise GaAs MESFETs” Electronic Lett., 12, June 10, 1976, p. 309.Google Scholar
  55. 55.
    Higgins, J.A., B.M. Welsh, F.H. Eisen, and C.D. Robinson, “Performance of ionimplanted GaAs MESFETs,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1975, p. 5.Google Scholar
  56. 56.
    Higgins, J.A., R.L. Kuvas, and D.R. Chen, “Modeling, fabrication and performance of ion implanted low-noise GaAs FETs,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 506.Google Scholar
  57. 57.
    Himsworth, B., “A two-dimensional analysis of gallium-arsenide junction field-effect transistors with long and short channels,” Solid-State Electronics, 15, 1972, p. 1353.Google Scholar
  58. 58.
    Hogeboom, J.H., and R.S.C. Cobbold, “Etched Schottky-barrier MOSFET’s using a single mask,” Electronics Lett., 7, 1971, p. 133.Google Scholar
  59. 59.
    Holt, A.J., Jr., and R.L. Berger, “Hybrid integrated networks,” Western Electric Engineer, 19, 1975, p. 3.Google Scholar
  60. 60.
    Hornbuckle, D.P., and L.J. Kuhlman, Jr., “Broad-band medium-power amplification in the 2–12.4 GHz range with GaAs MESFETs,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 338.Google Scholar
  61. 61.
    Hunsperger, R.G., and N. Hirsch, “Ion-implanted microwave field-effect transistors in GaAs “ Solid-State Electronics, 18, 1975, p. 349.Google Scholar
  62. 62.
    Johnson, E.O., “Physical limitations on frequency and power parameters of transistors,” RCA Review, 26, 1965, p. 163.Google Scholar
  63. 63.
    Katz, G., “FET voltage regulator eliminates ripple feedthrough and permits self-starting,” Electronic Engineering, 44, December, 1972, p. 57.Google Scholar
  64. 64.
    Kellermann, K.J., “Gross-signalregelung mit feldeffecht transistoren,” Internationale Elektronische Rundschau, NR-7, 1973, p. 159.Google Scholar
  65. 65.
    Kohn, E., “GaAs-MESFET for digital application,” Solid-State Electronics 20, 1977, p. 29.Google Scholar
  66. 66.
    Komaki, S., O. Kurita and T. Memita, “GaAs MESFET regenerator for phase-shift keying signals at the carrier frequency,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 367.Google Scholar
  67. 67.
    Kurita, O., and K. Morita, “Microwave MESFET Mixer,” IEEE Trans on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 361.Google Scholar
  68. 68.
    Lazarus, M.J., “The short-channel IGFET,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 351.Google Scholar
  69. 69.
    Lecrosnier, D., and G. Pelous, “Ion implanted FET for power applications,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-21, 1974, p. 113.Google Scholar
  70. 70.
    Lehovec, K., and R.S. Miller, “Field distribution in junction field-effect transistors at large drain voltages,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 273.Google Scholar
  71. 71.
    Lehovec, K., and W.G. Seeley, “On the validity of the gradual channel approximation for junction field effect transistors with drift velocity saturation,” Solid-State Electronics, 16, 1973, p. 1047.Google Scholar
  72. 72.
    Lehovec, K., and W.G. Seeley, “Photo-effects in junction field effect transistors,” Solid-State Electronics, 14, 1971, p. 1077.Google Scholar
  73. 73.
    Lehovec, K., and R. Zuleeg, “Voltage-current characteristics of GaAs J-FET’s in the hot electron range,” Solid-State Electronics, 13, 1970, p. 1415.Google Scholar
  74. 74.
    Liechti, C.A., “Performance of dual-gate GaAs MESFETs as gain-controlled low-noise amplifiers and high-speed modulators,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-23, 1975, p. 461.Google Scholar
  75. 75.
    Liechti, C.A., “Microwave field-effect transistors-1976,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 279.Google Scholar
  76. 76.
    Liechti, CA., and R.B. Larrick, “Performance of GaAs MESFETs at low temperatures,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 376.Google Scholar
  77. 77.
    Macken, W.J., “FETs as variable resistances in op amps and gyrators,” Electronic Engineering, 44, December 1972, p. 60.Google Scholar
  78. 78.
    Maeda, M., S. Takahashi, and H. Kodera, “CW oscillation characteristics of GaAs Schottky-barrier gate field-effect transistors,” Proc. IEEE, 63, 1975, p. 320.Google Scholar
  79. 79.
    Maloney, T.J., and J. Frey, “Frequency limits of GaAs and InP field-effect transistors,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 357.Google Scholar
  80. 80.
    Martin, T.B., “Circuit applications of the field effect transistor, Part 1,” Semiconductor Products, 5, February, 1962, p. 33.Google Scholar
  81. 81.
    Martin, T. B., “Circuit applications of the field effect transistors, Part 2,” Semiconductor Products, 5, March, 1962, p. 30.Google Scholar
  82. 82.
    Mayer, D.C., N.A. Masnari, and R.J. Lomax, “A submicron-channel vertical junction field-effect transistor,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 532.Google Scholar
  83. 83.
    McIlvenna, J.F., and CJ. Sletten, “Contractual and in-house research at AFCRL,” Microwave Journal, 18, May, 1975, p. 24.Google Scholar
  84. 84.
    Medley, M.W., “Stretch FET amp design beyond octave bandwidth,” Microwaves, 16, May, 1977, p. 55.-Google Scholar
  85. 85.
    Middleback, S., “Metalization processes in fabrication of Schottky-barrier FET’s,” IBM Journal of Research and Development, 14, 1970, p. 148.Google Scholar
  86. 86.
    Millman, J., and C.C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics Analog and Digital Circuits and Systems, McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY, 1972, p. 310.Google Scholar
  87. 87.
    Mohr, Th. O., “Silicon and silicon-dioxide processing for high-frequency MESFET preparation,” IBM Journal of Research and Development, 14, 1970, p. 142.Google Scholar
  88. 88.
    Mok, T.D., and C.A.T. Salama, “The characteristics and applications of a V-shaped notched-channel field-effect transistor (VFET),” Solid-State Electronics, 19, 1976, p. 159.Google Scholar
  89. 89.
    Moline, R.A., W.C Gibson, and L.D. Heck, “An ion-implanted Schottky-barrier gate field-effect transistor,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-20, 1973, p. 317.Google Scholar
  90. 90.
    Morkoc, H., “An AlGaAs gate heterojunction microwave GaAs FET,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 334.Google Scholar
  91. 91.
    Napoli, L.S., J.J. Hughes, W.F. Reichert, and S. Jolly, “GaAs FET for high power amplifiers at microwave frequencies,” RCA Review, 34, 1973, p. 608.Google Scholar
  92. 92.
    Neumark, G.F., “Theory of the influence of hot electron effects on insulated gate field effect transistors,” Solid-State Electronics, 10, 1967, p. 169.Google Scholar
  93. 93.
    Nishizawa, J.I., T. Terasaki, and J. Shibata, “Field-effect transistor versus analog transistor (static induction transistor),” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 185.Google Scholar
  94. 94.
    Notthoff, J.K., and R. Zuleeg, “High speed, low power GaAs JFET integrated circuits,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1975, p. 624.Google Scholar
  95. 95.
    Nuzillat, G., C Arnodo, and J.P. Puron, “A subnanosecond integrated switching circuit with MESFET’s for LSI,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-11, 1976, p. 385.Google Scholar
  96. 96.
    Oakes, J.G., et al., “A power silicon microwave MOS transistor,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 305.Google Scholar
  97. 97.
    Ogawa, M., et al., “Submicron single-gate and dual-gate GaAs MESFFT, with improved low noise and high gain performance,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 300.Google Scholar
  98. 98.
    Okazaki, S., S. Takahashi, M. Maeda, and H. Kodera, “Microwave oscillation with GaAs FET,” Proc. of the Sixth Conf. on Solid State Devices, Tokyo, 1974, Suppl. to the J. of the Japan Soc. of Appl Phys., 44, 1975, p. 157.Google Scholar
  99. 99.
    Olsen, D.R., “Equivalent circuit for a field-effect transistor,” Proc. IEEE, 51, 1963, p. 254.Google Scholar
  100. 100.
    Ostoich, V., P. Jeppesen, and N. Slaymaker, “Direct modulation of D.H. GaAlAs lasers with GaAs MESFET’s,” Electronic Lett., 11, October 16, 1975, p. 515.Google Scholar
  101. 101.
    Ozawa, O., Y. Sasaki, H. Iwasaki, and H. Ikoma, “A 5000-channel power FET with a new diffused gate structure,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1975, p. 163.Google Scholar
  102. 102.
    Ozawa O., H. Iwasaki, and K. Muramoto, “A vertical channel JFET fabricated using silicon planar technology,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-11, 1976, p. 511.Google Scholar
  103. 103.
    Pancholy, R.K., and W.W. Grannemann, “Gallium arsenide phosphide Schottky barrier field effect transistor,” J. Electrochem. Soc., 124, 1977, p. 430.Google Scholar
  104. 104.
    Pengelley, R.S., and J.A. Turner, “Monolithic broadband GaAs FET amplifiers,” Electronic Lett., 12, May 13, 1976, p. 251.Google Scholar
  105. 105.
    Pucel, R.A., H. Haus, and H. Statz, “Signal and noise properties of gallium arsenide microwave field-effect transistors,” in: Advances in Electron Physics, Vol. 38, Academic Press, NY 1975, p. 195.Google Scholar
  106. 106.
    Pucel, R.A., D.J. Massá and CF. Krumm, “Noise performance of gallium arsenide field-effect transistors,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-11, 1976, p. 243.Google Scholar
  107. 107.
    Pucel, R.A., D. Massá, and R. Bera, “Performance of GaAs MESFET mixers at X-band,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 351.Google Scholar
  108. 108.
    Pullen, K.A., Jr., “Comments on the bibiliography on field-effect transistors,” IEEE Trans. on Electron Devices, ED-17, 1970, p. 1014.Google Scholar
  109. 109.
    Regier, F.A., “Channel edge location and potential distribution in a junction field effect transistor,” Solid-State Electronics, 19, 1976, p. 969.Google Scholar
  110. 110.
    Reiser, M., and P. Wolf, “Computer study of submicrometre FET’s,” Electronics Lett., 8, May 1972, p. 254.Google Scholar
  111. 111.
    Rode, D.L., B. Schwartz, and J.V. DiLorenzo, “Electrolytic etching and electron mobility of GaAs for FET’s,” Solid-State Electronics, 17, 1974, p. 1119.Google Scholar
  112. 112.
    Rossel, P., J.J. Cabot, and J. Graffeuil, “Bistable switching on gallium arsenide Schottky gate field-effect transistors,” Appl Phys. Lett., 25, 1974, p. 510.Google Scholar
  113. 113.
    Sah, C.T., “Theory of low-frequency generation noise in junction-gate field-effect transistors, Proc. IEEE, 52, 1964, p. 795.Google Scholar
  114. 114.
    Salama, C.A.T., “V-groove power field effect transistors,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C 1977, p. 412.Google Scholar
  115. 115.
    Sechi, F.N., and R.W. Paglione, “Design of a high-gain FET amplifier operating at 4.4–5.0 GHz,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-12, 1977, p. 285.Google Scholar
  116. 116.
    Sevin, L.J., Jr., Field-effect Transistors, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1965.Google Scholar
  117. 117.
    Siliconix, Inc., “An introduction to FETs,” Application Note AN73-7, December, 1973, Siliconix, Inc., 2201, Laurelwood Rd., Santa Clara, CA 95054.Google Scholar
  118. 118.
    Sitch, J.E., and P.N. Robson, “The performance of GaAs field-effect transistors as microwave mixers,” Proc. IEEE, 61, 1973, p. 399.Google Scholar
  119. 119.
    Slaymaker, N.A., R.A. Soares, and J.A. Turner, “GaAs MESFET small signal X-band amplifiers,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT-24, 1976, p. 329.Google Scholar
  120. 120.
    Statz, H., H.A. Huas, and R.A. Pucel, “Noise characteristics of gallium arsenide field-effect transistors,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-21, 1974, p. 549.Google Scholar
  121. 121.
    Stoneham, E., T.S. Tan, and J. Gladstone, “Fully ion implanted GaAs power FETs,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 330.Google Scholar
  122. 122.
    Sze, S.M., Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley-Interscience, NY, 1969.Google Scholar
  123. 123.
    Takahashi, S., et al., “Reproducible submicron gate fabrication of GaAs FET by plasma etching,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington 1976, p. 214.Google Scholar
  124. 124.
    Tarui, Y., Y. Komiya, and T. Yamaguchi, “Self-aligned GaAs Schottky barrier gate FET using preferential etching,” Proc. Fourth Conference on Solid State Devices, Tokyo, 1972, Supplement to theJ. Japan. Soc. of Appl Phys., 42, 1973, p. 78.Google Scholar
  125. 125.
    Teszner, S., “Gridistor development for the microwave power region,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-19, 1972, p. 355.Google Scholar
  126. 126.
    Tolar, N.J., and D.L. Ash, “Silicon MESFETs for improved VHF and UHF mixer performance,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 382.Google Scholar
  127. 127.
    Turner, J.A., et al., “Dual-gate gallium-arsenide microwave field-effect transistor,” Electronics Lett., 7, 1971, p. 661.Google Scholar
  128. 128.
    Umebachi, S., et al., “A new heterojunction gate GaAs FET,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-22, 1975, p. 613.Google Scholar
  129. 129.
    Van Tuyl, L. and C.A. Liechti, “High-speed integrated logic with GaAs MESFET’s,” J. of Solid-State Circuits, SC-9, 1971, p. 269.Google Scholar
  130. 130.
    Vendelin, G.D., W. Alexander, and D. Mock, “Computer analyses rf circuits with generalized Smith charts,” Electronics, March 21, 1974, p. 102.Google Scholar
  131. 131.
    Vodicha, V.W., and R. Zueleeg, “Ion implanted GaAs enhancement mode JFET’s,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1975, p. 625.Google Scholar
  132. 132.
    Wallmark, J.T., “The field-effect transistor-a review,” RCA Review, 24, 1963, p. 641.Google Scholar
  133. 133.
    Watson, B., “Audio-frequency noise characteristics of junction FETs,” Application Note AN74-4, Siliconix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054.Google Scholar
  134. 134.
    Watson, H.A., et., Microwave Semiconductor Devices and Their Circuit Applications, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1969.Google Scholar
  135. 135.
    Wisseman, W.R., “Power GaAs FETs,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C. 1977, p. 326.Google Scholar
  136. 136.
    Wolf, P., “Microwave properties of Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors,” IBM Journal of Research and Development, 14, 1970, p. 125.Google Scholar
  137. 137.
    Wyland, D.C., “FET cascode technique optimizes differential amplifier performance,” Electronics, January 18, 1971, p. 81.Google Scholar
  138. 138.
    Yau, L.D., “A simple theory to predict the threshold voltage of short-channel IGFET’s,” Solid-State Electronics, 17, 1974, p. 1059.Google Scholar
  139. 139.
    Zuleeg, R., “Development in GaAs FET’s and IC’s,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1976, p. 347.Google Scholar
  140. 140.
    Zuleeg, R., et al., “Femto-joule, high-speed planar GaAs E-JFET logic,” IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Technical Digest, Washington, D.C., 1977, p. 198.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© A. G. Milnes 1980

Authors and Affiliations

  • A. G. Milnes
    • 1
  1. 1.Carnegie-Mellon UniversityPittsburghUSA

Personalised recommendations