Phylogenetic Analysis of Marine Phytoplankton

  • Linda Medlin
  • Nathalie Simon
Chapter

Abstract

The world’s oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface and are dominated numerically by microscopic protists and prokaryotes. The marine phytoplankton are major components of both groups and are, by definition, highdispersal taxa with large population sizes. These small photosynthetic organisms contribute the bulk of primary production in oceanic and neritic waters. Until recently most of our knowledge about marine phytoplankton was derived from net samples and bulk process measurements, such as chlorophyll a and 14C biomass estimates. However, whole water samples and new analytical methods, e.g. flow cytometry, epifluorescence microscopy and HPLC, have revealed previously unrecognized groups Prochlorococcus), size classes (the picoplankton < μm) and hidden biodiversity (Pelagophyceae). Surprisingly, up to 90% of the photosynthetic carbon in certain areas may be contributed by the picoplankton (Campbell et al., 1994; Fogg, 1995). Among this smallest size fraction of the marine phytoplankton are the picoeukaryotes and Prochlorococcus/Synechococcus, whose importance in the open-ocean oligotrophic ecosystems has only been discovered within the last 20 years (Johnson and Sieburth, 1979, 1982; Waterbury et al., 1979; Chisholm et al, 1988; Andersen et al., 1996).

Keywords

Oligonucleotide Probe Noncoding Region Marine Phytoplankton Algal Group Skeletonema Costatum 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1998

Authors and Affiliations

  • Linda Medlin
  • Nathalie Simon

There are no affiliations available

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