Novel in Vitro Transcription Assay Indicates that the ACCD Nep Promoter is Contained in a 19 BP Fragment

  • K. Liere
  • P. Maliga
Chapter
Part of the NATO Science Series book series (ASHT, volume 64)

Abstract

In order to characterize promoters for the nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP), we developed a novel in vitro transcription system. The assay is based on extracts from plants lacking the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) activity due to targeted deletion of the PEP α subunit gene. We report here the characterization of PaccD-129, the promoter for accD, encoding a subunit of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Dissection of a ~0.8 kb fragment determined that the accD promoter is contained within a 19-bp fragment (-17/+2).

Keywords

Sigma Factor Transcription System Transcription Initiation Site Tobacco Plastid Mitochondrial Promoter 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Allison L.A., Simon L.D., Maliga P. (1996) Deletion of rpoB reveals a second distinct transcription system in plastids of higher plants, EMBO J. 15, 2802–2809.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Barnes W.M., Tuley E. (1983) DNA sequence changes of mutations in the histidine operon control region that decrease attenuation, J. Mol. Biol. 165, 443–59.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Caoile A.GF.S., Stem D.B. (1997) A conserved core element is functionally important for maize mitochondria) promoter activity in vitro, Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 4055–4060.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Gardner JF. (1982) Initiation, pausing, and termination of transcription in the threonine operon regulatory region of Escherichia coli, J. Biol. Chem. 257, 3896–904.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Gruissem W., Greenberg B.M., Zurawski G., Hallick R.B. (1986) Chloroplast gene expression and promoter identification in chloroplast extracts, Meth. Enzymol. 118, 253–70.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Hajdukiewicz P.T.J., Allison L.A., Maliga P. (1997) The two RNA polymerases encoded by the nuclear and the plastid compartments transcribe distinct groups of genes in tobacco plastids, EMBO J. 16, 4041–4048.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Hedtke B., Bömer T., Weihe A. (1997) Mitochondrial and chloroplast phage-type RNA polymerases in Arabidopsis, Science 277, 809–811.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Hess W.R., Prombona A., Fieder B., Subramanian A.R., Börner T. (1993) Chloroplast rps15 and the rpoB/CI/C2 gene cluster are strongly transcribed in ribosome-deficient plastids: evidence for a functioning non-chloroplast-encoded RNA polymerase, EMBO J. 12, 563–71.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Hübschmann T., Börner T. (1998) Characterization of transcript initiation sites in ribosome-deficient barley plastids, Plant Mol. Biol. 36, 493–496.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Igloi G.L., Kössel H. (1992) The transcriptional aparatos of chloroplasts, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 10, 525–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Isono K., Niwa Y., Satoh K., Kobayashi H. (1997) Evidence for transcriptional regulation of plastid photosynthesis genes in Arabidopsis thaliana roots, Plant Physiol. 114, 623–630.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Kapoor S., Suzuki J.Y., Sugiura M. (1997) Identification and functional significance of a new class of non-consensus-type plastid promoters, Plant J. 11, 327–37.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Kestermann M., Neukirchen S., Kloppstech K., Link G. (1998) Sequence and expression characteristics of a nuclear-encoded chloroplast sigma factor from mustard (Sinapis alba), Nucleic Acids Res. 26, 2747–2753.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Lerbs-Mache S. (1993) The 110-kDa polypeptide of spinach plastid DNA-dependent RNA polymerase: single-subunit enzyme or catalytic core of multimeric enzyme complexes?, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5509–13.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Maliga P. (1998) Two plastid polymerases of higher plants: an evolving story, Trends Plant Sci. 3, 4–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Miyagi T., Kapoor M., Sugita M., Sugiura M. (1998) Transcript analysis of the tobacco plastid operon rps2/atpl/H/F/A reveals the existance of a non-consensus type II (NCII) promoter upstream of the atpl coding sequence, Mol. Gen. Genet. 257, 299–307.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Morden C.W., Wolfe K.H., dePamphilis C.W., Palmer J.D. (1991) Plastid translation and transcription genes in a non-photosynthetic plant: intact, missing and pseudo genes, EMBO J. 10, 3281–8.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Nickelsen J., Link G. (1993) The 54 kDa RNA-binding protein from mustard chloroplasts mediates endonucleolytic transcript 3’ end formation in vitro, Plant J. 3, 537–44.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Orozco E.M., Jr., Mullet J.E., Hanley-Bowdoin L., Chua N.H. (1986) In vitro transcription of chloroplast protein genes, Meth. Enzymol. 118, 232–53.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Rapp W.D., Lupold D.S., Mack S., Stern D.B. (1993) Architecture of the maize mitochondrial atpl promoter as determined by linker-scanning and point mutagenesis, Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 7232–7238.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Rapp W.D., Stern D.B. (1992) A conserved 11 nucleotide sequence contains an essential promoter element of the maize mitochondria) atpl gene, EMBO J. 11, 1065–1073.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Sambrook J., Fritsch EF., Maniatis T. (1989) Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Serino G., Maliga P. (1998) RNA polymerase subunits encoded by the plastid rpo genes are not shared with the nucleus-encoded plastid enzyme, Plant Physiol. 117, 1165–1170.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Silhavy D., Maliga P. (1998) Mapping of the promoters for the nucleus-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP) in the iojap maize mutant, Curr. Genet. 33, 340–344.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Sugiura M. (1992) The Chloroplast Genome, Plant Mol. Bio. 19, 149–168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Tanaka K., Kosuke O., Ohata N., Kuroiwa H., Kuroiwa T., Takahshi H. (1996) Nuclear encoding of a chloroplast RNA polymerase sigma subunit in a red alga, Science 272, 1932–1935.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Tanaka K., Tozawa Y., Mochizuki N., Shinozaki K., Nagatani A., Wakasa K., Takahashi H. (1997) Characterization of three cDNA species encoding plastid RNA polymerase sigma factors in Arabidopsis thaliana: evidence for the sigma factor heterogeneity in higher plant plastids, FEBS Letters 413, 309–313.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Tozawa Y., Tanaka K., Takahashi H., Wakasa K. (1998) Nuclear encoding of a plastid sigma factor in rice and its tissue-and light-dependent expression, Nucleic Acids Res 26, 415–419.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1999

Authors and Affiliations

  • K. Liere
    • 1
  • P. Maliga
    • 1
  1. 1.Waksman Institute, RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayUSA

Personalised recommendations