Cytoplasmic diversity caused by mitochondrial (mt) DNA dynamics and mt gene expression in Petunia
Abstract
Mitochondria (mt), which are specialized organelles whose primary function is the conservation of oxidatively derived energy and its utilization for ATP synthesis, produce a large proportion of the energy that cells require and contain their own DNA. Plant mt genomes are large in size and complex in sequence organization. The rapid structural mt DNA changes observed in plants (Gray 1992) may cause duplication of genes and generation of pseudogenes and novel open reading frames (orfs) as well as re-shuffling of genes and their regulatory sequences. These phenomena cause diversity that may have evolutionary advantages during stress conditions. The study of plant mt genome evolution and genome expression may be facilitated by the analysis of mt mutants. One of the few mt mutations characterized in plants so far is the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) mutation (Hanson, Conde 1985), that is usually manifested by the abortion of normal pollen development and is commercially used for the efficient production of hybrid seed.
Keywords
Homologous Recombination Cytoplasmic Male Sterility atpA Gene Hybrida Line Rps12 GenePreview
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