Phenolic Compounds

  • J. B. Harborne
Chapter

Abstract

The term phenolic compound embraces a wide range of plant substances which possess in common an aromatic ring bearing one or more hydroxyl substituents. Phenolic substances tend to be water-soluble, since they most frequently occur combined with sugar as glycosides and they are usually located in the cell vacuole. Among the natural phenolic compounds, of which over a thousand structures are known, the flavonoids form the largest group but simple monocyclic phenols, phenylpropanoids and phenolic quinones all exist in considerable numbers. Several important groups of polymeric materials in plants — the lignins, melanins and tannins — are polyphenolic and occasional phenolic units are encountered in proteins, alkaloids and among the terpenoids.

Keywords

Phenolic Compound Phenolic Acid Caffeic Acid Chlorogenic Acid Cinnamic Acid 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

General References

  1. Geissman, T. A. ed. (1962) Chemistry of the Flavonoid Compounds. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
  2. Harborne, J. B. (1960) The chromatography of the flavonoid pigments. Chromatog. Rev. 2, 105–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Harborne, J. B. ed. (1964) Biochemistry of Phenolic Compounds. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  4. Harborne, J. B. (1967a) Comparative Biochemistry of the Flavonoids. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  5. Harborne, J. B. (1967b) Chromatography of phenolic compounds. In Chromatography, ed. Heftmann, E., 2nd edn. pp. 677–98. Reinhold Pub. Co., New York.Google Scholar
  6. Mabry, T. J., Markham, K. R., and Thomas, M. B. (1970) The Systematic Identification of Flavonoids. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
  7. Morton, R. A. ed. (1965) Biochemistry of Quinones. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  8. Pridham, J. B. ed. (1964) Methods in Polyphenol Chemistry. Pergamon Press Oxford.Google Scholar
  9. Ribereau-Gayon, P. (1972) Plant Phenolics. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.Google Scholar
  10. Seikel, M. K. and Hillis, W. E. (1970) Phytochem. 9, 1115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Thomson, R. H. (1971) Naturally Occurring Quinones. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar

Supplementary References

  1. Andersen, R. A. and Vaughn, T. H. (1972) Phytochem. 11, 2593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Asen, S. (1965) J. Chromatog. 18, 602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Asen, S. Stewart, R. N. and Norris, K. H. (1972) Phytochem. 11, 1139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Bate-Smith, E. C. (1962) J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 58, 39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Carpenter, I., Locksley, H. D., and Scheinmann, F. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Crowden, R. K., Harborne, J. B. and Heywood, V. H. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 1963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Culberson, C. F. (1969) Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products. Univ. North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, U.S.A.Google Scholar
  8. Culberson, C. F. (1972) J. Chromatog. 72, 113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Deverall, B. J. (1972) In Phytochemical Ecology, ed. Harborne, J. B., pp. 217–34 Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  10. Fairbairn, J. W. and El-Muhtadi (1972) Phytochem. 11, 263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Forrest, J. E., Richard, R. and Heacock, R. A. (1972) J. Chromatog. 63, 439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Galston, A. W. (1969) In Perspectives in Phytochemistry, ed. Harborne, J. B. and Swain, T. S., pp. 193–204 Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  13. Glencross, R. G., Festenstein, G. N. and King, H. G. C. (1972) J. Sci. Food Agric. 23, 371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Hänsel, R., Schulz, H. and Lenckest, C. (1964) Z. Naturforschg. 19b, 727.Google Scholar
  15. Harborne, J. B. (1966) Z. fur Naturforschg. 21b, 604.Google Scholar
  16. Harborne, J. B. (1967c) Phytochem. 6, 1415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Harborne, J. B. (1968) Phytochem. 7, 1215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Harborne, J. B. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Harborne, J. B., Heywood, V. H. and Williams, C. A. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 1729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Harborne, J. B. and Williams, C. A. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 2223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Harborne, J. B. and Williams, C. A. (1971) Z. fur Naturforschg. 26b, 490.Google Scholar
  22. Harborne, J. B. and Williams, C. A. (1972) Phytochem. 11, 1741.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Hoerhammer, L. and Wagner, H. (1965) Dt. Apoth. Ztg. 105, 827.Google Scholar
  24. Hughes, J. C. and Swain, T. (1960) Phytopathology50, 398.Google Scholar
  25. Ibrahim, R. K. and Towers, G. H. N. (1960) Arch. Biochem. and Biophys. 87, 125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Irvine, W. J. and Saxby, M. J. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 2067.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Khan, N. U. Ansari, W. H. Usmani, J. N., Ilyas, M. and Rahman, W. (1971) Phytochem. 10, 2129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Koeppen, B. H. (1965) J. Chromatog. 18, 604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Labadie, R. P. (1969) Pharm. Weekblad. 104, 257.Google Scholar
  30. Nybom, N. (1964) Physiol. Plantarum. 17, 157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Oettmeier, W. and Heupel, A. (1971) Z. Naturforschg. 27b, 177.Google Scholar
  32. Preston, S. T. (1966) A guide to the analysis of phenole by gas chromatography. pp. 94 Polyscience Corp., Evenston, Ill., U.S.A.Google Scholar
  33. Pryce, R. J. (1971) Planta97, 354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. Pryce, R. J. (1972a) Phytochem. 11, 1911.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. Pryce, R. J. (1972b) Phytochem. 11, 1759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. Pridham, J. B. (1959) J. Chromatog. 2, 605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. Reio, L. (1964) Svensk Kemisk Tidskrift76, 5.Google Scholar
  38. Reyes, R. E. and Gonzalez, A. G. (1970) Phytochem. 9, 833.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Robertson, N. F., Friend, J., Aveyard, M. A., Brown, J., Huffee, M. and Homans, A. L. (1968) J. Gen. microbiol. 54, 216.Google Scholar
  40. Santesson, J. (1970) Phytochemistry9, 2149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  41. Siegel, S. M. (1969) Amer. J. Bot. 56, 175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  42. Smith, D. M., Glennie, C. W. and Harborne, J. B. (1971) Phytochem. 10, 3115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. Steele, J. W. and Bolan, M. (1972) J. Chromatog. 71, 427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  44. Threlfall, D. R. and Whistance, G. R. (1970) Phytochem. 9, 355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  45. Vaughn, T. H. and Andersen, R. A. (1971) Biochem. biophys Acta. 244, 437.Google Scholar
  46. Wagner, H. and Holzl, J. (1968) Dtsch Apoth. Ztg. 42, 1620.Google Scholar
  47. Wagner, H., Hörhammer, L. and Dengler, B. (1962) J. Chromatog. 7, 211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  48. Wat, C. K. and Towers, G. H. N. (1971) Phytochem. 10, 1355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  49. Whistance, G. R. and Threlfall, D. R. (1970) Phytochem. 9, 737.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  50. Williams, A. H. (1966). In Comparative Phytochemistry, ed. Swain, T., pp. 297–307 Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
  51. Wollenweber, E. and Egger, K. (1971) Phytochem. 10, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  52. Zenk, M. H., Fürbringer, M. and Steglich, W. (1969) Phytochem. 8, 2199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© J. B. Harborne 1973

Authors and Affiliations

  • J. B. Harborne
    • 1
  1. 1.University of ReadingUK

Personalised recommendations