Abstract
Direct introduction of cloned genes into eukaryotic cells has proven to be a powerful tool to study the molecular mechanisms of gene regulation. Direct transformation was mainly accomplished by delivering cloned genes into protoplasts or tissue (1, 2). Protoplasts, however, are comparatively fragile. Furthermore, in many species they cannot be regenerated into plants (3). Introduction of DNA into organelles like chloroplasts is even more difficult. DNA destined for the chloroplast has to be delivered through plasma membrane and chloroplast envelope into the stroma of the organelle.
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© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Weber, G., Monajembashi, S., Greulich, K.O., Wolfrum, J. (1988). Genetic Manipulation of Plant Cells and Organelles with a Laser Microbeam. In: Puite, K.J., Dons, J.J.M., Huizing, H.J., Kool, A.J., Koornneef, M., Krens, F.A. (eds) Progress in Plant Protoplast Research. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2788-9_113
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2788-9_113
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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