Abstract
Water scarcity is a “fact of life” in Israel, where demand for water routinely exceeds its supply. The commonly agreed-upon policy to bring demand and supply into balance failed mainly due to population increase. In addition, he years 2001–2005 saw the most severe drought to hit Israel in a century. In this chapter we discuss how different water issues were dealt over time by the Water Authority in Israel.
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Notes
- 1.
Red lines signify the level of water in the reservoir below which the reservoir may sustain damage.
- 2.
Rejwan (2011).
- 3.
Kislev (2011).
- 4.
- 5.
Bein Committee (2010).
- 6.
Black lines are below the red lines, such that damage sustained by the reservoir may be irreversible.
- 7.
Up to 2005, only the desalination plant in the city of Eilat supplied consumers regularly. In 2005, the government began constructing new plants, using B.O.T. tenders. As a result, at this point, desalination capacity stands at 330 mcm.
- 8.
This constitutes the highest rate in the world.
- 9.
These were established on the basis of a law, adopted in 2001, according to which the urban provision of water services was transferred from municipal governments to these corporations, each of which is a viable financial entity, regulated by the AWS.
- 10.
Bar-Shira et al. (2007).
- 11.
The Water Authority (2010).
- 12.
Tiered prices are structured as follows: one pays a certain price per cm for the first tranche of waterused; for the next tranche, a higher price is paid and so on.
References
Bar-Shira, Z., Cohen, N., & Kislev, Y. (2007). The demand for water in the municipalities. Economic Quarterly, 54, 179–203 (in Hebrew).
Bein Committee (2010). Report to the Knesset of the state commission of inquiry on water management in Israel. Haifa: Bein Committee (in Hebrew).
Kislev, Y. (2011). The water economy of Israel. Jerusalem: The Taub Center.
Rejwan, A. (2011). The state of Israel: National water efficiency report (Working Paper). Tel-Aviv: The Planning Department, Israel Water Authority.
The Water Authority (2010). Long-term master plan for the water economy, Draft 2. Tel Aviv: The Water Authority (in Hebrew).
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Feinerman, E., Frenkel, H., Shani, U. (2013). The Water Authority: The Impetus for Its Establishment, Its Objectives, Accomplishments, and the Challenges Facing It. In: Becker, N. (eds) Water Policy in Israel. Global Issues in Water Policy, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5911-4_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5911-4_17
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