Essentials of Friedmann–Lemaître Models

  • Norbert Straumann
Chapter
Part of the Graduate Texts in Physics book series (GTP)

Abstract

GR plays a central role in the grand domain of cosmology. Space does not allow us to give an adequate introduction to the vast field of modern cosmology. This last chapter of Part II contains only a concise treatment of the Friedmann–Lemaître models, together with some crucial observations that can be described within this idealized class of cosmological models. In particular, we derive the theoretical tools for the analyzes of the luminosity-redshift relation for type Ia supernovae, including the role of dynamical models of dark energy. The thermal history below about 100 MeV is discussed in detail, up to the point when electrons combine with protons and helium ions to form neutral atoms and the radiation decouples. In the introduction to this chapter, we sketch the early history of cosmology, which is not even well-known among cosmologists, and is often distorted. In particular, the key role of Lemaître in the founding period is not sufficiently appreciated. He was the first person who seriously proposed an expanding universe as a model of the real universe. He derived in his crucial paper of 1927 the general redshift formula, and showed that it leads for small distances to a linear relation—known as Hubble’s law—two years before Hubble’s famous work.

Keywords

Dark Energy Null Geodesic Luminosity Distance Hubble Diagram Grand Domain 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013

Authors and Affiliations

  • Norbert Straumann
    • 1
  1. 1.Mathematisch-Naturwiss. Fakultät, Institut für Theoretische PhysikUniversität ZürichZürichSwitzerland

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