Cellular Changes in Mammalian Cells Induced by Cadmium

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Abstract

This chapter describes the cellular effects of low concentrations of CdCl2 (0.5–5 µM) causing biochemical (strand breaks , carcinogenic indicator, DNA replication, DNA repair) and morphological (chromatin) changes in CHO and murine preB cells. Low Cd concentration (0.5–1 µM) interferes with both replicative and repair DNA synthesis. The replicative DNA synthesis is gradually inhibited, but this inhibition is less than the increment of repair DNA synthesis and the overall rate of DNA synthesis in damaged cells will be higher than in normal cells. This hormesis-like effect suggests the induction of an active DNA repair system. A low level of cell cycle-dependent fluctuation of spontaneous strand breaks was observed in control cells, which was 10–40-times higher in S phase upon Cd treatment. The oxidative DNA damage product 8-oxodeoxyguanosine was induced at low (0.5 µM) CdCl2 concentration. Among the interphase chromatin damages the most characteristic feature was the appearance of holes and disruptions in nuclei which are regarded as typical diagnostic symptoms of cadmium toxicity.

Keywords

HaCaT Cell Repair Synthesis Chromatin Change Heavy Metal Treatment CdCl2 Treatment 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Cell BiologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

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