Imino- and Amido-Pyridinate d-Block Metal Complexes in Polymerization/Oligomerization Catalysis

  • Giuliano Giambastiani
  • Lapo Luconi
  • Roger L. Kuhlman
  • Phillip D. Hustad
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Catalysis by Metal Complexes book series (CMCO, volume 34)

Abstract

This contribution is aimed at providing an overview of the oligomerization/polymerization catalysis mediated by early and late transition metal complexes stabilized by imino- and amidopyridinate ligands. While late metals are often coordinated by imino-pyridyl moieties, earlier metals are generally stabilized by amido-pyridyl systems. The ability of the complexes described within this chapter at catalytic olefin upgrading is quite remarkable, ranging from the well-controlled olefin oligomerization to the production of high molecular weight isotactic polypropylene in high polymerization temperature processes. Particular attention has been paid to the ligand and complex syntheses as well as to unveil the role of the ligand substituents on the catalyst activity and selectivity.

List of Abbreviations

AAC

Azide-alkyne cycloaddition

acac

Acetylacetonate

Anth

Anthracenyl

Ap

N,6-dimesitylpyridin-2-amine

Ap′

N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-6-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-amine

Ap+

N,6-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-amine

Ap-

N-mesityl-6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-amine

Ap*

N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-amine

ATRP

Atom-transfer radical polymerization

BBF

Butyl branching frequency

BHE

β-hydride elimination

BHT

β-hydride transfer to monomer

BIMP

Bis(imino)pyridine

Bip

Biphenyl

BM

Bohr magneton

CGC

Constrained geometry catalyst

CRP

Controlled radical polymerization

dba

Dibenzylideneacetone

DFT

Differential Fourier transform

DIBAL

Di-isobutylaluminum hydride, iBu2AlH

dme

1,2-dimethoxyethane

DMF

N,N-dimethylformamide

DSC

Differential scanning calorimetry

EPR

Electron paramagnetic resonance

LLDPE

Linear-low density polyethylene

LRP

Living radical polymerization

MAO

Methylaluminoxane

MMA

Methyl methacrylate

MMAO

Modified methylaluminoxane

MWCNT

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Nap

Naphthyl

NB

Norbornene, bicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2-ene

NIR

Near-infrared

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NP-acac

3-n-pentyl-acetylacetonate

PDI

Polydispersity index (M w/M n)

PE

Polyethylene

PFT

Polymerization filling technique

Phen

Phenanthrenyl

PIM

(imino)pyridine

PMAO-IP

Polymethylaluminoxane (available from AkzoNobel)

PMMA

Polymethyl methacrylate

Py

Pyridine

rds

Rate determining step

SANS

Small-angle neutron scattering

SEC

Size exclusion chromatography

Tg

Glass transition temperature

TS

Transition state

TIBA

Tri-isobutylaluminum, Al(iBu)3

TIBAO

Tetraisobutylaluminoxane

TOF

Turnover frequency

ULDPE

Ultra-low density polyethylene

Xantphos

(9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphine)

μeff

Effective magnetic moment

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  • Giuliano Giambastiani
    • 1
  • Lapo Luconi
    • 1
  • Roger L. Kuhlman
    • 2
  • Phillip D. Hustad
    • 2
  1. 1.Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds – ICCOM-CNRFlorenceItaly
  2. 2.The Dow Chemical CompanyTXUSA

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