Riassunto
Dei molteplici sistemi che partecipano alla strutturazione del SNC, quello extrapiradale configura un’entità a sé stante. Il termine, utilizzato con una connotazione funzionale prima che anatomica, fa riferimento al complesso di centri e reti nervose in grado di esercitare, direttamente o indirettamente, un’azione modulatoria nei confronti del movimento. In particolare, la sua funzione consiste nella regolazione del tono muscolare, della statica, dei movimenti automatici (deglutizione, articolazione della parola), dei movimenti associati (quali quelli pendolari degli arti superiori, nella marcia) e di quelli mimici. Il sistema extrapiramidale non determina quindi il movimento volontario, ma ne controlla l’esecuzione.
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Sghirlanzoni, A., Genovese, U. (2012). Sindromi extrapiramidali. In: Guida alla valutazione medico-legale del danno neurologico. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2074-0_14
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