Riassunto
Il fosforo è un componente essenziale delle cellule dell’organismo; i fosfolipidi, le fosfoproteine, gli acidi nucleici e tutti i composti intracellulari contenenti fosforo, come l’adenosina trifosfato (ATP), la guanosina trifosfato (GPT), il guanin monofosfato ciclico (cGMP), la nicotinamide-adenin-dinucleotide (NAD) e il 2,3 difosfoglicerolo (2,3-DPG) sono responsabili del mantenimento di molte funzioni vitali. A livello intracellulare, il fosforo inorganico rappresenta la fonte per la sintesi di ATP e regola alcuni enzimi chiave intracellulari, quali l’esochinasi, la fruttochinasi e la 25-idrossicolecalciferolo 1-α-idrossilasi. Dalla disponibilità di fosforo dipendono l’integrità dello scheletro, la contrazione muscolare, i processi di deposito e utilizzo di energia metabolica e il rilascio ai tessuti di ossigeno. Tutto ciò rende conto dell’importanza dei meccanismi che regolano l’omeostasi del fosfato e di come l’ipofosforemia e l’iperfosforemia possano portare a significative complicazioni cliniche.
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Martini, G., Salvadori, S., Nuti, R. (2009). Ipofosforemia e iperfosforemia. In: Osteoporosi e malattie metaboliche dell’osso. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1357-5_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1357-5_22
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