Rumen Microbiology: An Overview

  • Prasanta Kumar Choudhury
  • Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem
  • Rajashree Jena
  • Sanjeev Kumar
  • Rameshwar Singh
  • Anil Kumar Puniya
Chapter

Abstract

The systematic exploration of microbial ecosystem of the rumen was commenced by the father of rumen microbiology, Robert Hungate, in 1950s. His contributions toward the development of anaerobic culture techniques have illustrated the ways to explore the complex microbial structures of the rumen and other anaerobic ecosystems. The understanding of rumen microbiology has strengthened an awareness to improve the feed utilization and manipulation of microbial compositions. Microbes and their interactions in interspecies H2 transfers were first studied in the rumen ecosystems and attracted pioneers to investigate the alternate abatement strategies of methane production along with enhanced animal productivity. The discovery of alternate hydrogenotrophs and industrially important novel microbes and the management of rumen disorders via microbial manipulations make this community an interesting research platform for different microbial theories. The discovery of anaerobic fungi as a part of rumen flora by Orpin during the 1970s disproved their mistaken identity as flagellated protozoa and the concept that all fungi are aerobic organisms. Upcoming biotechnological strategies and deciphering on microbial community using molecular tools, novel gene discovery, community-community interactions, and phylogenetic relationships have opened new avenues of microbial ecology in rumen ecosystem. The present chapter deals with the microbial ecosystems of rumen and their interactions.

Keywords

Rumen Bacteria Anaerobic fungi Methanogens Microbial interactions 
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Copyright information

© Springer India 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Prasanta Kumar Choudhury
    • 1
  • Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem
    • 2
  • Rajashree Jena
    • 1
  • Sanjeev Kumar
    • 3
  • Rameshwar Singh
    • 4
  • Anil Kumar Puniya
    • 5
  1. 1.Dairy Microbiology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalIndia
  2. 2.Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoEstado de MéxicoMexico
  3. 3.Department of Life ScienceAssam UniversitySilcharIndia
  4. 4.Directorate of Knowledge Management in AgricultureIndian Council of Agricultural Research, KAB-1 (PUSA)New DelhiIndia
  5. 5.College of Dairy Science and TechnologyGuru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityLudhianaIndia

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