Effect of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Parameters in Preplaced TiC Coating on Aluminium Substrate

  • Chinmaya Kumar Sahoo
  • Jageshwar Kumar Sahu
  • Manoj Masanta
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering book series (TMMME)

Abstract

In this chapter basic mechanism of laser surface modification technique has been discussed. Based on the process mechanism laser surface modification techniques are classified and discussed in brief. Specific advantages, disadvantages and applications of these processes are also explained. A brief review on laser surface modification of Aluminium substrate using different coating materials, surface modification of various engineering materials with TiC and surface modification of metallic substrate by utilizing pulse type low power laser have been presented. Finally, experimental details of TiC coating on pure Aluminium substrate using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser has been discussed. Effect of laser peak power and pulse overlapping on the Aluminium substrate by pre-placing TiC powder has been analyzed experimentally. Optical images of the cross-sectional view of the laser irradiated samples show successful formation of coating. Experimental results also show that, increase in laser peak power and pulse overlapping increases the coating thickness. High peak power results in removal of coating material but produces TiC mixed Aluminium layer at the top surface of substrate. Micro-hardness profile on the coating shows improvement in hardness up to 20 times than that of as received Aluminium substrate.

Keywords

Pulsed Nd:YAG laser TiC coating Aluminium Laser surface modification 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Ariely, S., Shen, J., Bamberger, M., Dausiger, F., & Hugel, H. (1991). Laser surface alloying of steel with TiC. Surface and Coatings Technology, 45(1–3), 403–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Axén, N., & Gahr, K. H. Z. (1992). Abrasive wear of TiC-steel composite clad layers on tool steel. Wear, 157, 189–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Babu, S. S., Kelly, S. M., Murugananth, M., & Martukanitz, R. P. (2006). Reactive gas shielding during laser surface alloying for production of hard coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 200, 2663–2671.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Chong, P. H., Man, H. C., & Yue, T. M. (2002). Laser fabrication of Mo-TiC MMC on AA6061 Aluminium alloy surface. Surface and Coatings Technology, 154, 268–275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Das, D. K. (1994). Surface roughness created by laser surface alloying of aluminium with nickel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 64, 11–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Das, D. K., Prasad, K. S., & Paradkar, A. G. (1994). Evolution of microstructure in laser surface alloying of Aluminium with nickel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 174, 75–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Dubourg, L., Ursescu, D., Hlawka, F., & Cornet, A. (2005). Laser cladding of MMC coatings on aluminium substrate: Influence of composition and microstructure on mechanical properties. Wear, 258, 1745–1754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Emamian, A., Corbin, S. F., & Khajepour, A. (2010). Effect of laser cladding process parameters on clad quality and in-situ formed microstructure of Fe–TiC composite coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 205, 2007–2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Farnia, A., Ghaini, F. M., & Sabbaghzadeh, J. (2013). Effects of pulse duration and overlapping factor on melting ratio in preplaced pulsed Nd:YAG laser cladding. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 51, 69–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Fu, Y., & Batchelor, A. W. (1998). Laser alloying of Aluminium alloy AA 6061 with Ni and Cr. Part II. The effect of laser alloying on the fretting wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 102, 119–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Fu, Y., Bathelor, A. W., Gu, Y., Khor, K. A., & Xing, H. (1998). Laser alloying of Aluminium alloy AA 6061 with Ni and Cr. Part 1: Optimization of processing parameters by X-ray imaging. Surface and Coatings Technology, 99, 287–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Gordani, G. R., Razavi, R. S., Hashemi, S. H., & Isfahani, A. R. N. (2008). Laser surface alloying of an electroless Ni–P coating with Al-356 substrate. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 46, 550–557.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Jiang, W., & Molian, P. P. (2001). Nanocrystalline TiC powder alloying and glazing of H13 steel using a CO2 laser for improved life of die-casting dies. Surface and Coatings Technology, 135, 139–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Jiang, W. H., & Kovacevic, R. (2007). Laser deposited TiC/H13 tool steel composite coatings and their erosion resistance. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 186, 331–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Kadolkar, P., & Dahotre, N. B. (2003). Effect of processing parameters on the cohesive strength of laser surface engineered ceramic coatings on Aluminium alloys. Materials Science and Engineering A, 342, 183–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Katipelli, L. R., Agarwal, A., & Dahotre, N. B. (2000). Laser surface engineered TiC coating on 6061 Al alloy: Microstructure and wear. Applied Surface Science, 153, 65–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Majumdar, J. D., Chandra, B. R., Nath, A. K., & Manna, I. (2006a). Compositionally graded SiC dispersed metal matrix composite coating on Al by laser surface engineering. Materials Science and Engineering A, 433, 241–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Majumdar, J. D., Chandra, B. R., Nath, A. K., & Manna, I. (2006b). In situ dispersion of titanium boride on aluminium by laser composite surfacing for improved wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 201, 1236–1242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Masanta, M. (2010), Characterization and performance evaluation of ceramic composite coatings synthesized by laser cladding of pre-placed precursor on steel substrate. Ph.D. Thesis, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur.Google Scholar
  20. Masanta, M., Ganesh, P., Kaul, R., Nath, A. K., & Choudhury, A. R. (2009). Development of a hard nano-structured multi-component ceramic coating by laser cladding. Materials Science and Engineering A, 508, 134–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Nath, S., Pityana, S., & Majumdar, J. D. (2012). Laser surface alloying of aluminium with WC + Co + NiCr for improved wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 206, 3333–3341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Ouyang, J. H., Pei, Y. T., Lei, T. C., & Zhou, Y. (1995). Tribological behaviour of laser clad TiCp composite coating. Wear, 185, 167–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Ravnikar, D., Dahotre, N. B., & Grum, J. (2013). Laser coating of aluminium alloy EN AW 6082-T651 with TiB2 and TiC: Microstructure and mechanical properties. Applied Surface Science, 282, 914–922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Samant, A. N., & Dahotre, N. B. (2010). Three-dimensional laser machining of structural ceramics. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 12, 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Selvan, J. S., Soundararajan, G., & Subramanian, K. (2000). Laser alloying of aluminium with electrodeposited nickel: optimisation of plating thickness and processing parameters. Surface and Coatings Technology, 124, 117–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Sun, S., Durandet, Y., & Brandt, M. (2005). Parametric investigation of pulsed Nd:YAG laser cladding of stellite 6 on stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 194, 225–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Tomida, S., Nakata, K., Saji, S., & Kubo, T. (2001). Formation of metal matrix composite layer on Aluminium alloy with TiC-Cu powder by laser surface alloying process. Surface and Coatings Technology, 142, 585–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Uenishi, K., & Kobayashi, K. F. (1999). Formation of surface layer based on Al3Ti on Aluminium by laser cladding and its compatibility with ceramics. Intermetallics, 7, 553–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Vaziri, S. A., Shahverdi, H. R., Torkamany, M. J., & Shabestari, S. G. (2009). Effect of laser parameters on properties of surface-alloyed Al substrate with Ni. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 47, 971–975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Vilar, R. (1999). Laser alloying and laser cladding. Materials Science Forum, 301, 229–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Vreeling, J. A., Pei, Y. T., Wind, B., Ocelı´k, V., Hosson, J. T. M. D. (2001). Formation of γ-Al2O3 in reaction coatings produced with lasers. Scripta Materials, 44, 643–649.Google Scholar
  32. Wendt, U., Settegast, S., & Grodrian, I. U. (2003). Laser alloying of aluminium with titanium wire. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 22, 1319–1322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Wu, X. (1999). In situ formation by laser cladding of a TiC composite coating with a gradient distribution. Surface and Coatings Technology, 115, 111–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. Yan, H., Zhang, P., Yu, Z., Li, C., & Li, R. (2012). Development and characterization of laser surface cladding (Ti, W) C reinforced Ni–30Cu alloy composite coating on copper. Optics and Laser Technology, 44, 1351–1358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. Yan, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, P., Yu, Z., Li, C., Xu, P., & Lu, Y. (2013). Laser cladding of Co-based alloy/TiC/CaF2 self-lubricating composite coatings on copper for continuous casting mold. Surface and Coatings Technology, 232, 362–369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer India 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Chinmaya Kumar Sahoo
    • 1
  • Jageshwar Kumar Sahu
    • 1
  • Manoj Masanta
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Mechanical EngineeringNIT, RourkelaRourkelaIndia

Personalised recommendations