Liver Tissue Engineering

Chapter

Abstract

The development of liver support systems has been in intensive investigation for over 40 years. The main driving force is the shortage of donor organs for orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver cell transplantation and extracorporeal bioartificial livers (BAL) may bridge patients with end-stage liver diseases to successful orthotopic liver transplantation, support patients with acute liver failure to recover, and provide a curing method to patients with certain liver metabolic diseases. Another frontier of current liver tissue engineering is to construct many functional liver units in vitro for drug toxicity and metabolism screening. Much progress has been made, with several artificial liver dialysis devices on the market, a few BAL systems in clinical trials, and other in vitro micro-liver models in development. On the other hand, many lessons have been learned as well. In this chapter, we will focus on the review of advancement, challenges and the critical issues that have to be solved in the development of BAL systems and hepatic cell transplantation as well as in vitro micro-liver models from a tissue engineering perspective.

Keywords

Artificial liver Bioartificial liver In vitro liver model Liver tissue engineering 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

We appreciate Dr. Lola M. Reid for her kindness to share the slides of her keynote presentation, Endodermal Stem Cells and their Maturational Lineages, in the 2010 SPRBM (Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine) conference to Dr. Sihong Wang.

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© Springer-Verlag/Wien 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Biomedical Engineering, ST-434City University of New York, City CollegeNew YorkUSA

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