Coloproctology pp 217-228 | Cite as

Other Colitides

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the European Manual of Medicine book series (EUROMANUAL)

Abstract

Colitis other than ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease affects a large group of patients. Etiology is multifactorial and includes infection, hyperosmolar formula feeding, a lack of breast milk, ischemia and reperfusion injury, Clostridium difficile, and viral and parasitic agents. The main symptoms are diarrhea; leukocytosis; fever; abdominal pain or cramping; bloody, mucoid, green, foul-smelling stools; the urge to defecate; and others such as dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, nausea, vomiting, malaise, anorexia, hypoalbuminemia, and anasarca. Diagnostic procedures include laboratory studies, endoscopy, plain abdominal radiography, computed tomography, and histology. Therapy depends of the exact diagnosis and may include conservative treatment; antibiotics causing the condition should be stopped and the patient should be rehydrated and given metronidazole/vancomycin). Surgery is required in rare cases to treat infections that worsen or do not respond to conservative treatment, or when there are any complications. Various approaches can be used, including early subtotal colectomy, colectomy, colostomy, ileostomy, and resection of the diseased bowel.

Keywords

Colitis Necrotizing enterocolitis Ischemic Pseudomembranous Infectious Microscopic 
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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of General and Colorectal SurgeryUniversity HospitalLodzPoland

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