Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials

  • Cynthia A. Lundgren
  • Kang Xu
  • T. Richard Jow
  • Jan Allen
  • Sheng S. Zhang
Chapter
Part of the Springer Handbooks book series (SPRINGERHAND)

Abstract

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are now widely implemented as the power or energy source for everything from portable electronics to electric vehicles. The electrochemical charge storage in the batteries is intimately related to their material properties. This chapter gives an overview of the methods for characterizing battery materials, both ex situ and in situ in practical cells. An important consideration is the interphase between the active charge storage materials and the electrolyte, often called the secondary electrolyte interphase (SEI ) layer. Different methodologies unlock different aspects of the battery materials and interphases. Standard test methods are summarized as well as emerging methodologies. Next generation Li-ion batteries, such as Li-sulfur and Li-air are also described.

Keywords

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Electrochemical Impedance Spectrum High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy Oxygen Reduction Reaction Liquid Electrolyte 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
AE

acoustic emission

AFM

atomic force microscopy

ARC

accelerated-rate calorimetry

ASI

area-specific impedance

BOB

bis(oxalato)borate

CE

coulombic efficiency

CV

cyclic voltammetry

DC

direct current

DMC

dimethyl carbonate

DSC

differential scanning calorimetry

EC

ethylene carbonate

EIS

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

EMC

ethylmethyl carbonate

eNMR

electrophoresis nuclear magnetic resonance

ESM

electrochemical strain microscopy

EV

electric vehicle

EXAFS

extended x-ray absorption fine structure

FOM

figure of merit

GDL

gas diffusion layer

GIC

graphite intercalation compound

HEV

hybrid electric vehicle

HOMO

highest occupied molecular orbital

HPC

high precision coulometry

HPPC

hybrid pulse power characteristic

HRTEM

high resolution transmission electron microscopy

Li-S

lithium-sulfur

LUMO

lowest unoccupied molecular orbital

MAS

magic angle spinning

NMR

nuclear magnetic resonance

OER

oxygen evolution reaction

ORR

oxygen reduction reaction

PC

propylene carbonate

PE

polyethylene

PFG

pulse field gradient

PITT

potentiostatic intermittent titration

PP

propylene

PS

polysulfide

QC

quantum chemistry

RMS

root mean square

SEI

secondary electrolyte interphase

SOC

state of charge

SPM

scanning probe microscopy

STM

scanning tunneling microscopy

TEM

transmission electron microscopy

TFSI

bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide

VC

vinylene carbonate

WE

working electrode

XPS

x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XRD

x-ray diffraction

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Cynthia A. Lundgren
    • 1
  • Kang Xu
    • 1
  • T. Richard Jow
    • 1
  • Jan Allen
    • 1
  • Sheng S. Zhang
    • 1
  1. 1.Sensors and Electron Devices DirectorateUS Army Research LaboratoryAdelphiUSA

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