The Physiological Clock pp 1-4 | Cite as
Introduction
Abstract
From an early stage the science of biology has been intensively concerned with the ability of plants and animals to adapt themselves to the spatial conditions of their environment. Adaptations to the timing order of their environment were analysed less thoroughly, although we know from many observations in ecology how astonishing these adaptations can be. They are concerned with the subordination to the cycles of day and night, to the seasonal changes, and even to the tides or to the alternations of spring tide and neap tide which are connected to the phases of the moon. Such orientations are equally important to both plants and animals.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References to Chapter 1
- Aschoff, J.: Exogene und endogene Komponente der 24-Stunden-Periodik bei Tier und Mensch. Naturwissenschaften 42, 569–575 (1955)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- — Diurnal rhythms. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 25, 581-600 (1963).Google Scholar
- Beling, I.: Über das Zeitgedächtnis der Bienen. Z. vergl. Physiol. 9, 259–338 (1929).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bruce, V. G., and C. S. Pittendrigh: Endogenous rhythms in insects and microorganisms. Amer. Naturalist 91, 179–195 (1957).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bünning, E.: Endogenous rhythms in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 7, 71–90 (1956)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- — Endogenous diurnal cycles of activity in plants. In: Rudnick (Ed.) Rhythmic and Synthetic Processes in Growth. S. 111-126. Princeton 1957Google Scholar
- — Tagesperiodische Bewegungen. Handb. Pflanzenphysiologie 17, 1, 579–656 (1958)Google Scholar
- — Physiological mechanism and biological importance of the endogenous diurnal periodicity in plants and animals. In: Withrow (Ed.) Photoperiodism and Related Phenomena in Plants and Animals, p. 507-530. Washington 1959.Google Scholar
- Clauser, G.: Die Kopfuhr. Stuttgart 1954.Google Scholar
- Cloudsley-Thompson, J. L.: Rhythmic Activity in Animal Physiology and Behaviour. New York — London 1961.Google Scholar
- — Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. Biological Clocks. 25, 1960.Google Scholar
- Fomon, S. J.: (Ed.) Circadian Systems. Thirty-ninth Ross Conference on Pediatric Research Columbus, Ohio (USA) 1961.Google Scholar
- Halberg, F.: Physiologic 24-hour periodicity, general and procedural considerations with reference to the adrenal cycle. Z. Vitamin-, Hormon-u. Fermentforsch. 10, 225–296 (1959).Google Scholar
- Halberg, F., E. Halberg, C. P. Barnum and J. J. Bittner: Physiologic 24-hour periodicity in human beings and mice, the lighting regimen and daily routine. In: Withrow (Ed.) Photoperiodism and Related Phenomena in Plants and Animals, p. 803-878. Washington 1959.Google Scholar
- Harker, J. E.: Diurnal rhythms in the animal kingdom. Biol. Rev. 33, 1–52 (1958).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hastings, J. W.: Unicellular clocks. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 13, 297–312 (1959).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Jores, A.: Die 24-Stunden-Periodik in der Biologie. Tabul. biol. (’s-Grav.) 14, 77–109 (1937).Google Scholar
- Kalmus, H.: Periodizität und Autochronie (= Ideochronie) als zeitregelnde Eigenschaften der Organismen. Biol. Gen. 11, 93–114 (1935).Google Scholar
- Kleitman, N.: Sleep and Wakefulness. Univ. of Chicago Press 1939Google Scholar
- — Biological rhythms and cycles. Physiol. Rev. 29, 1–30 (1949).PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Menzel, W.: Über den heutigen Stand der Rhythmenlehre in bezug auf die Medizin. Z. Alternsforsch. 6, 20–212 (1952).Google Scholar
- — Menschliche Tag-Nacht-Rhythmik und Schichtarbeit. Basel/Stuttgart 1962.Google Scholar
- Pittendrigh, C. S.: On temporal organization in living systems. Harvey Lect. Ser. 56, 93–125 (1961).Google Scholar
- Pittendrigh, C. S., and V. G. Bruce: An oscillator model for biological clocks. In: Rudnick (Ed.) Rhythmic and Synthetic Processes in Growth, p. 75-109 Princeton 1957Google Scholar
- — Daily rhythms as coupled oscillator systems and their relation to thermoperiodism and photoperiodism. In: Withrow (Ed.) Photoperiodism and Related Phenomena in Plants and Animals, p. 475-505. Washington 1959.Google Scholar
- Renner, M.: Der Zeitsinn der Arthropoden. Ergebn. Biol. 20, 127–158 (1958).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Welsh, J. H.: Diurnal rhythms. Quart. Rev. Biol. 13, 123–139 (1938).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wolf, W.: (Chairman): Conference on Rhythmic Functions in the Living System. New York Acad. Sci. 98, 753–1326 (1962).Google Scholar