Nierenbecken- und Harnleiterkarzinom

  • G. Jakse

Zusammenfassung

Von den Harntrakttumoren sind nur etwa 10 % Nierenbecken- und Harnleitertumoren (Bloom et al. 1970; Johansson u. Wahlqvist 1974; Skeet 1976). Mehr als 90 % der bösartigen Tumoren sind Übergangszellkarzinome und entsprechen in ihrem Aufbau jenen Tumoren, die in der Blase anzutreffen sind (Almgaard et al. 1973; Batata et al. 1975; Bloom et al. 1970; Culp 1955; Das et al. 1990; Dufuour 1970; Fraley 1978). Das Verhältnis beträgt 1:1–3:20–60 (Nierenbecken: Harnleiter: Blase) (Chasko et al. 1981; McCredie et al. 1982). Nierenbecken- und Harnleitertumoren weisen spezifische Merkmale auf, die teilweise eine getrennte Betrachtung notwendig machen.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Abercrombie GF, Eardley I, Payne SR, Walmsley BH, Vinnicombe J (1988) Modified nephro-urete-rectomy. Long-term follow-up with particular reference ot subsequent bladder tumours. Br J Urol 61:198–200PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Abeshouse BS, Tankin LH (1956) Leukoplakia of the renal pelvis and the bladder. J Urol 76:330PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Akaza H, Koiso K, Nijima T (1987) Clinical evaluation of urothelial tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter based on a new classification system. Cancer 59:1369–1375PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Almgaard LE, Freedman D, Ljungqvist A (1973) Carcinoma of the ureter. Scand J Urol Nephrol 7: 165–167Google Scholar
  5. Anderström C, Johansson SL, Pettersson S, Wahlqvist L (1989) Carcinoma of the ureter: a clinico-pathology study of 49 cases. J Urol 142:280–283PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Andriole GL, McClennan BL, Picus D, Becich MJ (1988) The effect of low-osmolar contrast material on the interpretation of urinary cytology specimens. J Urol 139:177A, 59Google Scholar
  7. Angervall L, Bengtsson U, Zetterlund CG, Zsigmond M (1969) Renal pelvic carcinoma in a Swedish district with abuse of a phenacetin-containing drug. Br J Urol 41:401PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Apostolov K, Spasic P, Bojanic N (1975) Evidence of a viral aetiology in endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. Lancet 11:1271Google Scholar
  9. Arger PH et al. (1979) Ultrasonic assessment of renal transitional cell carcinoma: preliminary report. AJR 132:407PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Aso Y, Ohtawara Y, Suzuki K et al. (1984) Usefulness of fiberoptic pyeloureteroscope in the diagnosis of the upper urinary tract lesions. Urol Int 39:355–357PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Aufderklamm S, Jakse G (1982) Die Therapie distaler Harnleitertumoren. Aktuel Urol 13:252Google Scholar
  12. Badalament RA, O’Toole RV, Kenworthy P et al. (1990) Prognostic factors in patients with primary transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. J Urol 144:859–863PubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Bagley DH, Rivas D (1990) Upper urinary tract filling defects: flexible ureteroscopic diagnosis. J Urol 143:1196–1200PubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Bagley DH, McCue P, Blackstone AS (1990) Inverted papilloma of renal pelvis: flexible ureteroscopic diagnosis and treatment. Urology 36/4:336–338PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Baron RL, McClennan BL. Lee JKT et al. (1982) Computed tomography of transitional-cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Radiology 144:125–130PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Batata MA, Grastald H (1976) Upper urinary tract urothelial tumors. Urol Clin North Am 3:79PubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Batata MA, Whitmore WF, Hilris BS, Tokita N, Grabstald H (1975) Primary carcinoma of the ureter: a prognostic study. Cancer 35:1626–1632PubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Bazeed MA, Schärfe T, Becht E, Alken P, Thiiroff JW (1986) Local excision of urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract. Eur Urol 12:89–95PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Bengtsson U, Angervall L, Ekman M, Lehmann L (1968) Transitional cell tumors of the renal pelvis in analgesic abusers. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2:3Google Scholar
  20. Bergkvist A, Lungqvist A, Moberger G (1965) Classification of bladder tumors based on cellular pattern. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 130:371PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Bloom NA, Vidone RA, Lytton B (1970) Primary carcinoma of the ureter: a report of 102 new cases. J Urol 103:590–598PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Blute ML, Tsushima K, Farrow GM, Therneau TM, Lieber MM (1988) Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy studied by flow cytometry. J Urol 140: 944–949PubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Blute ML, Segura JW, Patterson DE, Benson RC, Zincke H (1989) Impact of endourology on diagnosis and management of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer. J Urol 141:1298–1301PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. Brady LW, Gislason GH, Faust DS, Kazem I, Antoniades J, Davis JA (1986) Radiotherapy: a valuable adjunct in the management of carcinoma of the ureter. JAMA 206:2871–2874Google Scholar
  25. Brookland RK, Richter MP (1985) The postoperative irradiation of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. J Urol 133:952PubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. Brown RC, Hawtrey CE, Pixley EE (1973) Brush biopsy of the renal pelvis. AJR 119:779Google Scholar
  27. Burkland CE, Juzek RH (1966) Familial occurrence of carcinoma of the ureter. J Urol 96:697PubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. Butler WH, Barnes JM (1968) Carcinogenic action of ground nut meal containing aflatoxin in rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol 6:135PubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Charbit L, Cendearu M-Ch, Mee S, Cukier J (1991) Tumors of the upper urinary tract: 10 years of experience. J Urol 146:1243–1246PubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. Chasko SB, Gray GF, McCarron JP (1981) Urothelial neoplasia of the upper urinary tract. Pathol Annu 16/2:127–153PubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. Cibert J, Rigondet G, Cibert J (1960) Tumeurs de l’uretère. Abouchements ectopiques de l’uretère. In: Urétérocèles. Paris, MassonGoogle Scholar
  32. Constantian HM, DeGirolami E (1973) Urothelial tumors detected by cytology: new cell block technique. J Urol 109:304PubMedGoogle Scholar
  33. Corrado F, Ferri C, Mannini D et al. (1991) Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: evaluation of prognostic factors by histopathology and flow cytometric analysis. J Urol 145: 1159–1163PubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. Cozad SC, Smalley SR, Austenfeld M et al. (1992) Adjuvant radiotherapy in high stage transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 24:742–745Google Scholar
  35. Craciun EC, Rosculescu I (1970) On Danubian endemic familial nephropathy (Balkan nephropathy). Some problems. Am J Med 49:774PubMedGoogle Scholar
  36. Cramer SF, Aukawa M, Cebelin M (1984) Neurosecretory granules in small cell invasive carcinoma of the gallbladder. Hum Pathol 15:639Google Scholar
  37. Culp OS (1955) Treatment of umors of the renal pelvis and ureter. Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg 47:692Google Scholar
  38. Das AK, Carson CC, Bolick D, Paulson DF (1990) Primary carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Cancer 66:1919–1923PubMedGoogle Scholar
  39. Davis BW, Hough AJ, Gardner WA (1987) Renal pelvic carcinoma: morphological correlates of metastatic behavior. J Urol 137:857–861PubMedGoogle Scholar
  40. Deichgräber E, Johansson S (1975) Urothelial renal pelvic tumors in phenacetin abusers. Acta Radiol 16:633Google Scholar
  41. Deming L, Harvard BM (1970) Tumors of the kidney. In: Campbell MF, Harrison JN (eds) Campbell’s urology, vol 2, 3rd edn. Saunders. PhiladelphiaGoogle Scholar
  42. De Torres Mateos JA, Banus Gassol JM, Redorta JP, Robles JM (1986) Vesicorenal reflux and upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma after transurethral resection of recurrent superficial bladder carcinoma. J Urol 138:49–51Google Scholar
  43. Droller MJ, Freiha FS (1977) Localization cytology in urothelial carcinoma. Urology 9:276PubMedGoogle Scholar
  44. Dufour B (1970) Remarques sur 56 cas de tumeurs pyélo-calicielles. J Urol Nephrol 76:3Google Scholar
  45. Eastham JA, Huffmann JL (1993) Technique of Mitomycin C instillation in the treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial tumors. J Urol 150:324–325PubMedGoogle Scholar
  46. Ekman P (1990) Tumors of the upper urinary system: diagnostic procedures. In: Murphy G, Khoury S, Chateloin C, Denis L (eds) Recent advances in urological cancers. Diagnosis and treatment. III: Upper tract. Paris, pp 151–154Google Scholar
  47. Elliott AY, Stein N, Fraley EE (1975) Techniques for cultivation of transitional epithelium from mammalian urinary bladder. In Vitro 5:251Google Scholar
  48. Eriksson O, Johansson S (1976) Urothelial neoplasms of the upper urinary tract. Acta Cytol 20:20PubMedGoogle Scholar
  49. Essenfeld H, Manivel JC, Benedetto P, Albores-Saavedra J (1990) Small cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a clinicopathological, morphological and immunohistochemical study of 2 cases. J Urol 144:344–347PubMedGoogle Scholar
  50. Fagerstrom DP (1948) Proliferative tumors of the ureter and renal pelvis, with further observations on the significance of epithelial cell nests. J Urol 59:333PubMedGoogle Scholar
  51. Falkenstein DB et al. (1975) Endoscopy of ureterointestinal conduits and retragrade pyelography. Gastrointest Endosc 22:24PubMedGoogle Scholar
  52. Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B, Droller MJ, Baylon SB, Nelkin BD (1983) Mutation affecting the 12th amino acid of the Ha-ras oncogene product occurs infrequently in human cancer. Science 220: 1170–1175Google Scholar
  53. Firstater M (1960) Pelvic renal tumor: conservative surgery, repeated pyelectomy. J Urol 84:36PubMedGoogle Scholar
  54. Foot NC, Papanicolaou GN (1949) Early renal carcinoma in situ. JAMA 139:356Google Scholar
  55. Fraley EE (1978) Cancer of renal pelvis. In: Skinner DG, DeKernion JB (eds) Genitourinary cancer. Saunders. PhiladelphiaGoogle Scholar
  56. Freimann DB, Ring EJ, Oleaga JA, Carpiniello VC, Wien AJ (1978) Thin needle biopsy in the diagnosis of ureteral obstruction with malignancy. Cancer 12:714–716Google Scholar
  57. Friedell GH et al. (1976) Histopathology and classification of urinary bladder carcinoma. Urol Clin North Am 3:53PubMedGoogle Scholar
  58. Fujita J, Yoshida O, Yuasa Y, Rhim JS, Hatanaka M, Aaronson SA (1984) Haras oncogenes are activated by somatic alterations in human urinary tract tumors. Nature 309:464–466PubMedGoogle Scholar
  59. Gahagan HO, Reed WK (1949) Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Three case reports and a review of the literature. J Urol 62:139PubMedGoogle Scholar
  60. Galindo L, Algaba F, Solé-Bacells F (1976) Adenocarcinomas pielocaliciales. An Fund Puigvert 6:161Google Scholar
  61. Garufe A, Priolo GD, Coppolino F, Giammusso B, Materazzo S (1993) Computed tomographic evaluation of urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. Radiol Med Torino 86:489–495Google Scholar
  62. Gatewood OMB, Goldman SM, Marshall FF et al. (1982) Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of transitional-cell carcinoma of the kidney. J Urol 127:876PubMedGoogle Scholar
  63. Gibson TE (1967) Local excision in transitional cell tumors of the upper urinary tract. J Urol 97:619PubMedGoogle Scholar
  64. Gill WB, Lu CT, Thomsen S (1973) Retrograde brishing: a new technique for obtaining histologic and cytologic material from ureteral, renal pelvic, and renal caliceal lesions. J Urol 109:573PubMedGoogle Scholar
  65. Gittes RF (1976) Operative nephroscopy. J Urol 116:148PubMedGoogle Scholar
  66. Gittes RF (1979) Tumors of the ureter and renal pelvis. In: Campbell MF, Harrison JH (eds) Campbell’s urology, vol 2. Saunders. PhiladelphiaGoogle Scholar
  67. Gonzales J, Hashmat AI (1989) Severe hemorrhage secondary to primary, isolated in situ. Urology 34/1:39–42PubMedGoogle Scholar
  68. Grabstald H, Whitmore WF Jr, Melamed M (1971) Renal pelvic tumors. JAMA 218:845PubMedGoogle Scholar
  69. Grace DA, Taylor WN, Taylor JN, Winter CC (1967) Carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a 15-year review. J Urol 98:566PubMedGoogle Scholar
  70. Grainger R, Gikas PW, Grossman HB (1990) Urothelial carcinoma occurring within an inverted papilloma of the ureter. J Urol 143:802–804PubMedGoogle Scholar
  71. Guérin M, Chouroulinkor I, Rivière MR (1969) Experimental kidney tumors. In: Rouiller C, Muller AF (eds) The kidney: morphology, biochemistry, physiology, vol 2. Acad Press, New YorkGoogle Scholar
  72. Guinan P, Randazzo R, Vogelzang N, Chmiel J, Sylvester J, (1990) Fremgen A and the Cancer Incidence and End Results Committee of the Illinois Division of the American Cancer Society Renal pelvic cancer: the Illinois experience and a review of the literature. In: Murphy G, Khoury S, Chateloin C, Denis L (eds) Recent advances in urological cancers. Diagnosis and Treatment. III Upper tract. Paris, pp 160–171Google Scholar
  73. Hannibal D, Gross-Fengels W, Hesse U (1991) Maligne Tumoren der normotopen Nieren und Harnleiter nach Nierentransplantation. ROFO 154, 5:546–549PubMedGoogle Scholar
  74. Hastie KJ, Hamdy FC, Collins MC, Williams JL (1991) Upper tract tumours following cystectomy for bladder cancer. Is routine intravenous urography worthwhile? Br J Urol 67:29–31PubMedGoogle Scholar
  75. Hatch TR, Hefta TR, Barry JM (1987) Time-related recurrence rates in patients with upper tract transitional cell carcinoma. J Urol 140:40–41Google Scholar
  76. Heidegger H, Wächter S (1990) Die Endometriose des Ureters. Zentrabi Gynäkol 112:779–784Google Scholar
  77. Hellsten S et al. (1980) Carcinoma in situ of the renal pelvis after cystectomy. Urol Int 35:316PubMedGoogle Scholar
  78. Herr HW, Whitmore WF (1987) Ureteral carcinoma in situ after successful intravesical therapy for superficial bladder tumors: incidence, possible pathogenesis and management. J Urol 138:292PubMedGoogle Scholar
  79. Hertel E, Egger B (1976) Die intraoperative Ureteropyeloskopie — ein Routineverfahren. Aktuel Urol 7:343Google Scholar
  80. Holtz F (1962) Papillomas and primary carcinoma of the ureter: report of 20 cases. J Urol 88:380–385PubMedGoogle Scholar
  81. Huben RP, Mounzer AM, Murphy GP (1988) Tumor grade and stage as prognostic variables in upper tract urothelial tumors. Cancer 62:2016–2020PubMedGoogle Scholar
  82. Huffman JL (1988) Ureteroscopic management of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Endourology update. Urol Clin North Am 15:419–423PubMedGoogle Scholar
  83. Hultengren N, Lagergren C, Ljungqvist A (1965) Carcinoma of the renal pelvis in renal papillary necrosis. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 130:314PubMedGoogle Scholar
  84. Humphreys GA, Foot NC (1960) Survival ol patients following nephrectomy for renal cell and transitional cell tumors of the kidney. J Urol 83:815PubMedGoogle Scholar
  85. Jakse G, Marberger H (1985) Tumors ol the renal pelvis. In: Culp DA, Loening SA (eds) Genitourinary oncology. Lea & Febiger, PhiladelphiaGoogle Scholar
  86. Jakse G, Schmid KW (1986) A case for preoperative chemotherapy in advanced urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract. Eur Urol 12:387PubMedGoogle Scholar
  87. Jensen OM, Knudsen JB, McLaughlin JK, Soresen BL (1988) The Copenhagen case control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancer: role of smoking and occupational exposures. Int J Cancer 41: 557–561PubMedGoogle Scholar
  88. Johansson S, Wahlqvist L (1974) A prognostic study of urothelial renal pelvic tumors. Cancer 43: 2525Google Scholar
  89. Johansson S, Angervall L, Bengtsson U, Wahlqvist L (1974) Uroepithelial tumours of the renal pelvis associated with abuse of phenacetin-containing analgesics. Cancer 33:743–753PubMedGoogle Scholar
  90. Johansson S, Angervall L, Bengtsson U, Wahlqvist L (1976) A clinicopathologic and prognostic study of epithelial tumors of the renal pelvis. Cancer 37:1376PubMedGoogle Scholar
  91. Johnson DE (1993) Treatment auf distal ureteral tumors using endoscopic argon photoirradiation. Lasers Surg med 132:490–493Google Scholar
  92. Kakizoe T et al. (1980) Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in patients with renal pelvic and ureteral cancer. J Urol 124:17PubMedGoogle Scholar
  93. Kaufmann JJ, Walther PJ, Smith RB, Skinner DG (1979) Intracavitary mitomycin-C in the treatment of superficial urothelial tumors: a preliminary report. Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg 71:6Google Scholar
  94. Kenney PJ, Stanley RJ (1987) Compute tomo graphy of ureteral tumors. J Comput Assist Tomogr 11:102–107PubMedGoogle Scholar
  95. Kerbl K, Clayman rV (1993) Incision of the ureterovesical junction for endoscopic surveillance of transitional cell cancer of the upper urinary tract. J Urol 150:1140–1143Google Scholar
  96. Kim CK, Lin JI, Tseng CH (1984) Small cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. Ultra structural study. Urology 24:384PubMedGoogle Scholar
  97. Kimball FN, Ferris HW (1934) Papillomatous tumor of the renal pelvis associated with similar tumors of the ureter and bladder. J Urol 31:257Google Scholar
  98. Kini U, Shariff S, Thomas JA (1991) Mixed mesodermal tumours of theureter. J Surg Oncol 46: 208–210PubMedGoogle Scholar
  99. Krogh P, Hald B, Plestina R, Ceovic S (1977) Balkan nephropathy and foodborne ochratoxin A: preliminary results of a survey of foodstuffs. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 85:238Google Scholar
  100. Krogh J, Kvist E, Rye B (1991) Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: prognostic variables and post-operative recurrences. Br J Urol 67:32–36PubMedGoogle Scholar
  101. Kumon H, Tsugawa M, Matsumura Y, Ohmori H (1990) Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of chronic unilateral hematuria of uncertain etiology. J Urol 143:554–558PubMedGoogle Scholar
  102. Kunin M, Goodwin WE (1990) The encased ureter: bullet and bodkin pattern, a reliable radiographic sign. Br J Urol 66:471–474PubMedGoogle Scholar
  103. Landmann-Kolbert C, Ruthishauser G, Dubach UC (1975) Phenacetin-Abusus und Harnwegstumore. Urologa (A) 14:75Google Scholar
  104. Leisinger HJ, Deyhle P (1974) Eine neue Methode zur Endoskopie und retrograden Pyelographie beim Ileumconduit. Urologe (A) 13:267Google Scholar
  105. Leistenschneider W, Nagel R (1979) Lavage — Zytologie bei pathologischen Veränderungen in Nierenbecken und Harnleiter. Aktuel Urol 10:35Google Scholar
  106. Lucero SP, Wise HA, Kirsh G, Devoe K, Hess ML, Kandawalla N, Drago JR (1988) Ureteric obstruction secondary to endometriosis. Report of three cases with a review of the literature. Br J Urol 61:201–204PubMedGoogle Scholar
  107. Luciani L, Scappini P, Pusiol T, Piscioli F (1987) The role of aspiration cytology in the management of ureteral obstruction in patients with known cancer. Cancer 59:1936–1946PubMedGoogle Scholar
  108. Lynch HT et al. (1979) Familial factors in bladder carcinoma. J Urol 122:458PubMedGoogle Scholar
  109. Lynch HT, Ens JA, Lynch JF (1990) The Lynch syndrome II and urological malignancies. J Urol 143: 24–28PubMedGoogle Scholar
  110. MacAlpine JB (1947) Papillomatous discase of the renal pelvis. Br J Urol 35:113Google Scholar
  111. Maier U, Mertl G, Pummer K et al. (1990) Organ-preserving surgery in patients with urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract. Eur Urol 18:197–200PubMedGoogle Scholar
  112. Maiden LT, Raghavan D, Eisinger D, Pearson BS (1988) Cancer of the upper urothelial tract. In: Raghavan D, MB BS (eds) The management of bladder cancer. Edward Arnold, Sydney, no 16, pp 300–316Google Scholar
  113. Markovic B (1972) Endemic nephritis and urinary tract cancer in Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Rumania. J Urol 107:212PubMedGoogle Scholar
  114. Marshall VF (1952) The reation of the preoperative estimate of thepathologic demonstration of the extent of vesical neoplasms. J Urol 68:714PubMedGoogle Scholar
  115. Matthew DR (1985) Ultrasonography of the lower genitourinary tract. Urologic Clin North Am 12/4: 645–656Google Scholar
  116. Mazeman E (1972) Les tumeurs de la voie excrétrice urinaire supérieure. J Urol Nephrol [Suppl] 78Google Scholar
  117. Mazeman E (1976) Tumors of the upper urinary tract (calyces, renal pelvis and ureter): 1118 cases. Eur Urol 2:120–129PubMedGoogle Scholar
  118. Mazeman E, Gilliot P (1989) Vesicorenal reflux and intravesical chemotherapy. Prog Clin Biol Res 303:517–522PubMedGoogle Scholar
  119. McCollough D, Laughlin AP (1972) Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Am J Surg 124: 416Google Scholar
  120. McCarron JP, Chasko SB, Gray GF (1982) Systematic mapping of nephroureterectomy specimens removed for urothelial cancer: pathologic findings and clinical correlations. J Urol 128:243PubMedGoogle Scholar
  121. McCredie M, Ford JM, Taylor JS, Stewart JS (1982) Analgesics and cancer of the renal pelvis in New South Wales. Cancer 49:2617–2625PubMedGoogle Scholar
  122. McDonald JR, Priestley JT (1944) Carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Histopathologic study of 75 cases with special reference to prognosis. J Urol 51:245Google Scholar
  123. McLaughlin JK, Silverman DT, Hsing AW, Ross RK, Schoenberg JB, Yu MC, Stemhagen A, Lynch CF, Blot WF, Fraumeni JF (1992) Cigarette smoking and cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter. Cancer Res 52:254–257PubMedGoogle Scholar
  124. Melicow MM, Hollowell JW (1952) Intraurothelial cancer: carcinoma in situ. Bowens disease of the urinary system: discussion of thrity cases. J Urol 68:763PubMedGoogle Scholar
  125. Miyakawa A, Tachibana M, Nakashima J, Deguchi N, Baba S, Tazaki H (1994) Flow cytometric bromodeoxyuridine/deoxyribomucleic acid bivarate analysis for predicting tumor invasiveness of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer. J Urol 152:76–80PubMedGoogle Scholar
  126. Milestone B, Friedman AC, Seidmon EJ, Radecke PD, Lev-Toaff AS, Caroline DF (1990) Staging of ureteral transitional cell carcinoma by CT and MRI. Urology 36/4:346–349PubMedGoogle Scholar
  127. Mufti GR, Gove JR, Badenoch DF et al. (1989) Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Br J Urol 63:135–140PubMedGoogle Scholar
  128. Mulkens TH, Vereycken JA, Van Nueten JC, Govaerts GC, De Schepper AM, Van Camp KO, Van Marck EA (1990) Bilateral ureteral inverted papillomas in association with bladder carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Urol Radiol 12:154–156PubMedGoogle Scholar
  129. Murphy DM, Zincke H, Furlow WL (1980) Primary grade I transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. J Urol 123:629–631PubMedGoogle Scholar
  130. Murphy DM, Zincke H, Furlow WL (1981) Management of high grade transitional cell cancer of the upper urinary tract. J Urol 125:25–29PubMedGoogle Scholar
  131. Murphy WM, Von Buedingen RP, Poley RW (1974) Primary carcinoma in situ of renal pelvis and ureter. Cancer 34:1126PubMedGoogle Scholar
  132. Nagel R, Bargenda B (1967) Primäre Nierenbeckentumoren. Urologe (A) 6:74Google Scholar
  133. Naib ZM, Powder JR, Young JD (1963) Cytological diagnosis of an early, grossly invisible transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. J Urol 89:866Google Scholar
  134. Narumi Y, Sato Tadayuki, Hori S et al. (1989) Squamous cell carcinoma of the uroepithelium: CT evaluation. Radiology 173:853–856PubMedGoogle Scholar
  135. Naumann HN, Sabatini SA (1953) Cholesteatoma of kidney simulating squamous cell carcinoma. J Urol 69:467PubMedGoogle Scholar
  136. Nemoto R, Hattori K, Sasaki A, Miyanaga N, Koiso K, Harada M (1989) Estimations of the S phase fraction in situ in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter with bromodeoxy-uridine labelling. Br J Urol 64:339–344PubMedGoogle Scholar
  137. Netto NR, Almeida Claro JF (1990) Ct scanning in the diagnosis of pelvicalyceal filling defects. Arch Exp Urol 43/6:683–685Google Scholar
  138. Ochsner MG, Brannan W, Pond HS, Collins HT (1974) Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Urology 4:392–396PubMedGoogle Scholar
  139. Oldbring J, Hellstein S, Lindholm K, Mikulowski P, Tribukait B (1989) Flow DNA analysis in the characterization of carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Cancer 64:2141–2145PubMedGoogle Scholar
  140. Orihuela E, Smith AD (1988) Percutaneous treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Endourology update. Urol Clin North Am 15:425–431PubMedGoogle Scholar
  141. Parker MD, Rebsamen S, Clark RL (1989) Multiple ureteral diverticula: a possible radio graphically demonstrable risk factor in development of transitional cell carcinoma. Urol Radiol 11:45–48PubMedGoogle Scholar
  142. Pecqueux JC, Schwarz A, Dieckmann KP, Offermann G (1990) Cancer incidence in patients on chronic dialysis and in renal transplant recipients. Urol Int 45:290–292PubMedGoogle Scholar
  143. Pedersen E (1969) The incidence of cancer in Norway. 1964–1966. Oslo. Norway. The Norwegian Cancer SocietyGoogle Scholar
  144. Petersen I, Ohgaki H, Ludeke, BI, Kleihues P (1993) p53 mutations in phenacitin associated human urothelial carcinomas. Carcinogenesis 14:2119–2122PubMedGoogle Scholar
  145. Petkovic S (1972) Conservtion or the kidney in operations for tumours of the renal pelvis and calyces: a report of 26 cases. Br J Urol 44:1PubMedGoogle Scholar
  146. Petkovic S, Mutavdzic M, Petronic VL, Markovic V (1971) Tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter: clinical and etiologic studies. J Urol Nephrol 77:429Google Scholar
  147. Pettersson S, Aamot P, Brynger N, Johansson S, Nilson AE, Ranch T (1981) Extracorporeal renal surgery, autotransplantation and calicovesicostomy for renal pelvic and ureteric tumors. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Suppl] 60:33–35Google Scholar
  148. Planz B, George R, Adam G, Jakse G, Planz K (1996) Computed tomography for detection and staging of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Eur. Urol, im DruckGoogle Scholar
  149. Plavio DHB, Andersen JC, Falk E (1987) Transitional cell tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter associated with capillosclerosis indicating analgesic abuse. Cancer 59:972–976Google Scholar
  150. Porpaczy P (1979) Ursachen und Folgen langjähriger Einnahme phenacetinhaltiger Analgetika aus der Sicht des Urologen. Wien Klin Wochenschr [Suppl] 91:104Google Scholar
  151. Rabinowitz JG et al. (1972) Renal pelvic carcinoma. Radiology 102:551PubMedGoogle Scholar
  152. Ranch T, Granerus G, Henriksson C, Pettersson S (1989) Renal function after autotransplantation with direct pyelocystostomy. Long-term follow-up. Br J Urol 63:233–238PubMedGoogle Scholar
  153. Rathert P, Melchior H, Lutzeyer W (1975) Penaceton: a carcinogen for the urinary tract. J Urol 113: 653PubMedGoogle Scholar
  154. Recloux P, Weiser M, Piccart M, Sculier JP (1988) Ureteral obstruction in patients with breast cancer. Cancer 61:1904–1907PubMedGoogle Scholar
  155. Reitelman C, Sawczuk IS, Olsson CA, Puchner PJ, Benson MC (1987) Prognostic variables in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and proximal ureter. J Urol 138:1144–1145PubMedGoogle Scholar
  156. Resseguie JL, Nobrega G, Farrow GM, Timmons JW, Worobec TG (1978) Epidemiology of renal and ureteral cancer in Rochester. Minnesota, 1950–1974 with special reference to clinical and pathologic features. Mayo Clinic Proc 53:503–510Google Scholar
  157. Riches EW (1964) Tumours of the kidney and ureter. Churchill Livingstone, EdingburghGoogle Scholar
  158. Richmond HG, Robb WAT (1967) Adenocarcinoma of the ureter secondary to ureteritis cystica. Br J Urol 39:359PubMedGoogle Scholar
  159. Röckelein G, Sebeikat D, Hecken-Emmel M (1989) Primäres Chondrosarkom des Ureters. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 49:1868–1871Google Scholar
  160. Roll WA (1960) Cystitis glandularis as a cause of hydronephrosis. J Urol 84:76PubMedGoogle Scholar
  161. Ross RK, Paganini-Hill A, Landolph J, Gerkins V, Henderson BE (1989) Analgesics, cigarette smoking, and other risk factors for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. Cancer Res 49:1045–1048PubMedGoogle Scholar
  162. Rosvanis TK, Rohner TJ, Abt AB (1989) Transitional cell carcinoma in an ileal conduit. Cancer 63: 1233–1236PubMedGoogle Scholar
  163. Sanders RC (1975) Renal ultrasound. Radiol Clin North Am 13:417PubMedGoogle Scholar
  164. Sarnacki CT et al. (1971) Urinary cytology and the clinical diaynosis of urinary tract malignancy. A clinicopathologic study of 1400 patients. J Urol 106:761PubMedGoogle Scholar
  165. Say CC, Hori JM (1974) Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. J Urol 112:438PubMedGoogle Scholar
  166. Scher HI, Yagoda A, Herr HW et al. (1987) Neoadjuvant M-Vac (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin) for extravesical urinary tract tumors. J Urol 139:475–177Google Scholar
  167. Schilling A, Böwering R, Keiditsch E (1986) Use of the neodymium-YAG laser in the treatment of ureteral tumors and urethral condylomata acuminata. Eur Urol 12 [Suppl] 1:30–33PubMedGoogle Scholar
  168. Schmeller NT, Hofstetter AG (1989) Laser treatment of ureteral tumors. J Urol 141:840–843PubMedGoogle Scholar
  169. Schultz RE, Boyle DE (1988) Inverted papilloma of renal pelvis associated with contralateral ureteral malignancy and bladder recurrence. J Urol 139:111–113PubMedGoogle Scholar
  170. Schulze S, Holm-Nielsen A, Ravn V (1986) Inverted papilloma of the upper urinary tract. Urology 28:58–61PubMedGoogle Scholar
  171. Scott WW, Boyd HL (1955) A study of the carcinogenic effect of beta-naphthylamine on the normal and substituted isolated sigmoid loop bladder of dogs. J Urol 70:6Google Scholar
  172. Sekine H, Fukui I, Yamada T, Kihara K, Ishizaka K, Ohshima H (1991) Clinicopathological study of upper urinary tract tumors associated with bladder tumors. Eur Urol 19:19-Z3PubMedGoogle Scholar
  173. Sheline M, Amendola MA, Pollack HM, Banner MP, de las Morenas A, Wein AJ (1989) Fluoroscopically guided retrograde brush biopsy in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: results in 45 patients. AJR 153:313–316PubMedGoogle Scholar
  174. Shinka T, Uekado Y, Aoshi H, Hirano A, Ohkawa T (1988) Occurrence of uroepithelial tumors of the upper urinary tract after the initial diagnosis of bladder cancer. J Urol 140:745–748PubMedGoogle Scholar
  175. Skeet RG (1976) Epidemiology of urogenital tumors. In: Williams DI, Chisholm GD (eds) Scientific foundations of urology, vol 2. Heinemann, LondonGoogle Scholar
  176. Skinner DG (1978) Technique of nephroureterectomy with regional lymph node dissection. Urol Clin North Am 5:253Google Scholar
  177. Smith AD, Orihuela E, Crowley AR (1987) Percutaneous management of renal pelvic tumors: a treatment option in selected cases. J Urol 137:852–856PubMedGoogle Scholar
  178. Smith AY, Vitale PJ, Lowe BA, Woodside JR (1987) Treatment of superficial papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter by vesicoureteral reflux of mitomycin C. J Urol 138:1231–1233PubMedGoogle Scholar
  179. Soloway MS, Myers GH, Burdick JF, Malmgren RA (1972) Ileal conduit exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of recurrent cancer. J Urol 107:835–839PubMedGoogle Scholar
  180. Sorahan T, Sole G (1990) Coarse fishing and urothelial cancer: a regional case — control study. Br J Cancer 62:138–141PubMedGoogle Scholar
  181. Steffens J, Nagel R (1988) Tumours of the renal pelvis and ureter observations in 170 patients. Br J Urol 61:277–283PubMedGoogle Scholar
  182. Stemmermann GN, Yoshizawa CN, Nomura AMY, Kolonel LN (1990) Urothelial cancer in white and Japanese patients in Hawaii: pathology. J Urol 144:44–46PubMedGoogle Scholar
  183. Stillwell TJ (1986) Endometriosis of ureter. Urology 28:81–85PubMedGoogle Scholar
  184. Storey BG, Mahony JF, Stewart JH (1977) Carcinoma of the upper urinary tract associated with analgesic nephropathy. Br J Urol 49:242Google Scholar
  185. Stower MJ, MacIver AG, Gingell JC, Clarke E (1990) Inverted papilloma of the ureter with malignant change. Br J Urol 65:13–16PubMedGoogle Scholar
  186. Stragier M et al. (1980) Primary carcinoma in situ of renal pelvis and ureter. Br J Urol 52:401PubMedGoogle Scholar
  187. Strong DW, Pearse HD (1976) Recurrent urothelial tumors following surgery for transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Cancer 38:2178Google Scholar
  188. Strong DW, Pearse HD, Tank ES, Hodges CV (1976) The ureteral stump after nephroureterectomy. J Urol 115:654PubMedGoogle Scholar
  189. Studer UE, Casanova G, Kraft R, Zingg EJ (1989) Percutaneous BCG perfusion of the upper urinary tract for carcinoma in situ. EORTC GU Group Monograph 6:207–212Google Scholar
  190. Subramanyam BF, Raghavendra BN, Madamba MR (1982) Renal transitional-cell carcinoma: sonographic and pathologic correlation. J Clin Ultrasound 10:203–210PubMedGoogle Scholar
  191. Tasca A, Zattoni F (1990) The case for a percutaneous approach to transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. J Urol 143:902–905PubMedGoogle Scholar
  192. Taylor SJ (1972) Analgesics and carcinoma of the kidney. Br J Urol 44:126PubMedGoogle Scholar
  193. Tomera KM, Leary FJ, Zincke H (1982) Pyeoloscopy in urothelial tumors. J Urol 127:1088PubMedGoogle Scholar
  194. Trattner HR (1948) Instrumental visualization of the renal pelvis and its communications. J Urol 60:817PubMedGoogle Scholar
  195. Union International Contre le Cancer (1978) TNM — classification of malignant tumours, 5rd edn. Harmer MH (ed) Union International Contre le Cancer, GenevaGoogle Scholar
  196. Utz DC, McDonald JR (1957) Squamous cell carcinoma of the kidney. J Urol 78:540PubMedGoogle Scholar
  197. Vuori J, Alfthan O, Oravisto KJ, Mäkinen J (1977) Carcinoma in situ of the renal pelvis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 11:85PubMedGoogle Scholar
  198. Wagle DC, Moore RH, Murphy GP (1974) Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. J Urol 111: 453PubMedGoogle Scholar
  199. Wallace DMA, Wallace DM, Whitfield HN, Hendry WF, Wickham JEA (1981) The late results of conservative surgery for upper tract urothelial carcinomas. Br J Urol 53:537–541PubMedGoogle Scholar
  200. Wallace FJ (1963) Fiberoptic endoscopy. J Urol 90:324PubMedGoogle Scholar
  201. Walzer Y, Soloway MS (1983) Should the follow-up of patients with bladder cancer include routine excretory urography? J Urol 130:672PubMedGoogle Scholar
  202. Ward AM (1971) Glandular neoplasia within the urinary tract. The aetiology of adenocarcinoma of the urothelium with a review of the literature. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 352:296Google Scholar
  203. Williams BC, Mitchell JP (1973) Carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a review of 43 cases. Br J Urol 45: 370–376PubMedGoogle Scholar
  204. Woodhouse CRJ, Kellett MJ, Bloom HJG (1986) Percutaneous management of renal surgery and local radiotherapy in the management of renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma. Br J Urol 58: 245–249PubMedGoogle Scholar
  205. World Health Organization (1973) Histological typing of urinary bladder tumours. Mostofi FK, Sobin LH, Torloni H (eds). World Health Organization, GenevaGoogle Scholar
  206. Yousem DM, Gatewood OMB, Goldman SM, Marshall FF (1988) Synchronous and metachronous transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: prevalence, incidence, and radiographic detection. Radiology 167:613–618PubMedGoogle Scholar
  207. Zincke H et al. (1976) Significance of urinary cytology in the early detection of transitional cell cancer of the upper urinary tract. J Urol 116:781–784PubMedGoogle Scholar
  208. Zincke H, Garbeff PJ, Beahrs JR (1984) Upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. J Urol 131:50–52PubMedGoogle Scholar
  209. Zungri E, Chéchile G, Algaba F, Diaz I, Vila F, Castro C (1990) Treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter: is the controversy justified? Eur Urol 17:276–280PubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997

Authors and Affiliations

  • G. Jakse

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations