Metal Pollution and Forest Decline

  • A. Hüttermann
  • I. Arduini
  • D. L. Godbold
Chapter

Abstract

Human activities influence the natural distribution and biogeochemical cycling of elements, thus changing the chemical environment where plants develop (Nriagu and Pacyna 1988). Among the elements which could affect plants, heavy metals are not naturally removed or degraded and therefore progressively accumulate in soil or water sediments (Bussotti et al. 1983; Hunter et al. 1987). In forest ecosystems different sources of heavy metal contamination are prevalent. A natural source is the background load from the parent rocks which on the whole is rather low (Table 12.1), but may be distributed unevenly. Human activities have resulted heaps and spoils from mining, short-range emissions from smelters, and long-range emissions from high stacks and the lead from automobiles. Special sources of heavy metal contamination may be of local importance, like the treatment of soils with manure from intensive animal husbandry, which may lead to wide-range contamination with copper (Ernst 1985) or polluted rivers which contaminate cosystems via aerosols (Bussotti et al. 1983).

Keywords

Biomass Zinc Nickel Toxicity Arsenic 
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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999

Authors and Affiliations

  • A. Hüttermann
    • 1
  • I. Arduini
    • 2
  • D. L. Godbold
    • 3
  1. 1.Forstbotanisches Institut, Abteilung Technische MykologieUniversität GöttingenGöttingenGermany
  2. 2.Dipartimento di Agronomia e Gestione dell’Agro-EcosistemaUniversità degli Studi PisaPisaItaly
  3. 3.School of Agricultural and Forest SciencesUniversity of WalesBangor, GwyneddUK

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