Biocompatibility of Materials

  • Miqin Zhang
Chapter
Part of the Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering book series (BIOMEDICAL)

Abstract

Advances in biomaterials have been tremendous in both surgical and medical technologies over the past 30 years. Man-made materials and devices have been developed to replace parts of living systems in the human body, providing the patient the benefits of increased longevity and improved quality of life (Wise etal., 1995; Silver, 1994). Specific applications of biomaterials range from high-volume products such as blood bags, syringes, and needles to more challenging implantable devices that are used in cardiovascular, orthopedic, and dental applications as well as in a wide range of invasive treatments and diagnostic systems. An estimated 11 million people at a rate increasing by 5–15% each year in the United States have medical implants (Eisenberger, 1996; Wise et al., 1995). With such a tremendous increase in medical applications, the demand for a wide range of biomaterials is ever increasing, and the prospects for growth in this field is limitless. The categories of materials that are widely used as biomaterials include polymers, metals, ceramics, carbons, and their composites. As medical procedures become more sophisticated, the application of novel materials, such as prostheses or materials used in medical devices, are receiving increasing interest. The emergence of microelectronic and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) has stimulated a surge of interest in biomedical microdevices (BioMEMS).

Keywords

Silicon Surface Protein Adsorption Dental Implant Fatigue Corrosion Crevice Corrosion 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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