Zusammenfassung
Visusverluste bei verschiedenen Glaukomarten sind die Folge der Schädigung des anterioren Teils des Sehnervs. Nicht nur der Sehnerv, sondern auch dieser Teil des Sehnervs ist bei einer Vielfalt ischämischer Störungen beteiligt, deren bekannteste die ischämische Neuropathie des vorderen Sehnervenabschnitts ist. Diese Störungen stellen zusammen einen der Hauptgründe der Sehbehinderung dar. Folglich ist die Blutversorgung des vorderen Sehnervenabschnitts ein wichtiges Thema, und in den vergangenen 4 Jahrzehnten wurden hierzu zahlreiche widersprüchliche Informationen veröffentlicht. Ich habe mich mit diesem Thema und den verschiedenen Kontroversen hierzu vor einiger Zeit erneut gründlich auseinandergesetzt [15] und meine Revision im Jahre 1989 abgeschlossen [19]. Der folgende Beitrag stellt eine kurze Beschreibung der Blutversorgung des Sehnervenkopfs dar.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
- 1.Hayreh SS (1958) A study of the central artery of the retina in human beings. Thes Master, Panjab Univ, IndiaGoogle Scholar
- 2.Hayreh SS (1962) The ophthalmic artery. III: Branches. Br J Ophthalmol 46:212–247PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.Hayreh SS (2963 a) The central artery of the retina — its role in the blood supply of the optic nerve. Br J Ophthalmol 47:651–663CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Hayreh SS (1963 b) Blood supply and vascular disorders of the optic nerve. Anal Inst Barraquer 4:7–109Google Scholar
- 5.Hayreh SS (1964) The orbital vessels of rhesus monkeys. Exp Eye Res 3:16–30PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 6.Hayreh SS (1969) Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma and edema of the optic disc. Br J Ophthalmol 53:721–748PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.Hayreh SS (1970) Pathogenesis of visual field defects — role of the ciliary circulation. Br J Ophthalmol 54:89–311Google Scholar
- 8.Hayreh SS (1974) Anerior ischemic optic neuropathy. I: Terminology and pathogenesis. Br J Ophthalmol 58:955–963PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Hayreh SS (1974) Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. II. Fundus on ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. Br J Ophthalmol 58:694–980CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Hayreh SS (1974) The choriocapillaris. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 192:165–179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.Hayreh SS (1974) Submacular choroidal vascular pattern — experimental fluorescein fundus angiographie studies. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 192:181–196CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Hayreh SS (1975) The long posterior ciliary arteries — an experimental study. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 192:197–213Google Scholar
- 13.Hayreh SS (1975) Segmental nature of the choroidal vasculature. Br J Ophthalmol 59:631–648PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.Hayreh SS (1975) Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New YorkCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 15.Hayreh SS (1978) Structure and blood suply of the optic nerve. In: Heilman K, Richardson KT (eds) Glaucoma: conceptions of a disease. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 78–96Google Scholar
- 16.Hayreh SS (1981) Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Arch Neurol 38:675–678PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Hayreh SS (2985) Inter-individual variation in blood supply of the optic nerve head. Its importance in various ischemic disorders of the optic nerve head, and glaucoma, low-tension glaucoma and allied disorders. Doc Ophthalmol 59:217–246CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Hayreh SS (1987) Factors determining the glaucomatous optic nerve head damage. In: Krieglstein GK (ed) Glaucoma update III. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 40–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Hayreh SS (1989) Blood supply of the optic nerve head in health and disease. In: Lambrou GN, Greve EL (eds) Ocular blood flow in glaucoma: means, methods and measurements. Kugler & Ghedini, Amstelveen, pp 3–54Google Scholar
- 20.Hayreh SS (1990) In vivo choroidal circulation and its watershed zones. Eye 4:273–289PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.Hayreh SS, Baines JAB (1972a) Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery. I: Effects on choroidal circulation. Br J Ophthalmol 56:719–735PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 22.Hayreh SS, Baines JAB (1972b) Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery. III: Effects on the optic nerve head. Br J Ophthalmol 56:754–764PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.Hayreh SS, Baines JAB (1973) Occlusion of the vortex veins. Br J Ophthalmol 57:217–238PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.Hayreh SS; Chopdar A (1982) Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery. V: Protective influence of simultaneous vortex vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol 100:1481–1491PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.Hayreh SS, Perkins ES (1968) Clinical and experimental studies on the circulation at the optic nerve head. In: Cant JS (ed) William MacKenzie Centenary Symp Ocular circulation in health and disease. Kimpton, London, pp 71–86Google Scholar
- 26.Hayreh SS, Perkins ES (1971) The effects of raised intraocular pressure on the blood vessels of the retina and optic disc. In: Amalric P (ed) Proc Int Symp Fluorescein angiography, Albi, 1969. Karger, Basel, pp 323–328Google Scholar
- 27.Hayreh SS, Revie IHS, Edwards J (1970) Vasogenic origin of visual field defects and optic nerve changes in glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 54:461–472PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 28.Hayreh SS, Servais GE, Virdi PS (1986a) Fundus lesions in malignant hypertension. V: Hypertensive optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 93:74–87PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 29.Hayreh SS, Servais GE, Virdi PS (1986b) Fundus lesions in malignant hypertension. VI: Hypertensive choroidopathy. Ophthalmology 93:1383–1400PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 30.Hayreh SS.; Weingeist TA (1980) Experimental occlusion of the central artery of the retina. I: Ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein fundus angiographic studies. Br J Ophthalmol 64:896–912PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 31.Kishi S, Tso MOM, Hayreh SS (1985) Fundus lesions in malignant hypertension. II: A pathologic study of experimental hypertensive optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol 103:1198–1206PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 32.Hayreh SS, Walker WM (1967) Fluorescent fundus photography in glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 63:982–989PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 33.Olver JM, Splaton DJ, McCartney ACE (1990): Microvascular study of the retrolaminar optic nerve in man: the possible significance in anterior ischeamic optic neuropathy. Eye 4:7–24PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 34.Singh S, Dass R (1960a) The central artery of the retina. I: Origin and course. Br J Ophthalmol 44:193–212PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 35.Singh S, Dass R (1960 b) The central artery of the retina. II: Distribution and anastomoses. Br J Ophthalmol 44:280–299PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 36.Ujiie K, Takahashi M (1987): Angioarchitecture of anterior segment of the optic nerve. In: Tsuchiya M, Asano M, Mishima Y, Oda M (eds) Microcirculation — an update. Proc 4th World Congr Microcirculation, Vol 2, Tokyo. Excerpta Media, Amsterdam, pp 85–87Google Scholar
- 37.Vrabeck F (1966) Am J Ophthalmol 61:136–150Google Scholar