Frequency Domain Optical Storage and Other Applications of Persistent Spectral Hole-Burning

  • W. E. Moerner
  • W. Lenth
  • G. C. Bjorklund
Part of the Topics in Current Physics book series (TCPHY, volume 44)

Abstract

This chapter describes several possible applications of persistent spectral hole-burning (PSHB) with particular emphasis on the application that has received the most attention to date, frequency domain optical storage (FDOS). Engineering and systems issues influencing the form a FDOS system might take are summarized, and optimal properties of single-photon materials are derived. The limitations of monophotonic mechanisms underscore the need for photon-gated processes, and the examples of photon gating known to date are summarized. Other methods of organizing an optical storage system based on PSHB are also described, including holographic, time domain, and electric field schemes. Applications of PSHB to spectral filtering and optical waveform processing are briefly mentioned.

Keywords

Laser Frequency Color Center Storage Density Permanent Reservoir Excited State Lifetime 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 7.1
    See for example A. E. Bell: Laser Focus/Electro-Optics 19, 61 (August 1983)Google Scholar
  2. A. E. Bell: Laser Focus,Electro-Optics 19, 125 (September 1983)Google Scholar
  3. A. E. Bell: Proc. Soc. Infor. Disp. 24, 17 (1983)Google Scholar
  4. 7.2
    A. Szabo: “Frequency selective optical memory,” U. S. Patent No. 3,896, 420 (1975)Google Scholar
  5. 7.3
    G. Castro, D. Haarer, R. M. Macfarlane, H. P. Trommsdorff: “Frequency selective optical data storage system,” U. S. Patent No. 4,101, 976, (1978)Google Scholar
  6. 7.4
    D. Haarer: Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Inst. Engr. 177, 97 (1979)Google Scholar
  7. 7.5
    G. C. Bjorklund, W. Lenth, C. Ortiz: Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Instr. Eng. 298, 107 (1981)Google Scholar
  8. 7.6
    A. R. Gutierrez, J. Friedrich, D. Haarer, H. Wolfrum: IBM J. Res. Devel: 26, 198 (1982), and references thereinGoogle Scholar
  9. 7.7
    W. E. Moerner: Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Instr. Engr. 541, 60 (1985)Google Scholar
  10. 7.8
    W. Lenth, R. M. Macfarlane, W. E. Moerner, F. M. Schellenberg, R. M. Shelby, G. C. Bjorklund: Proc. Soc. Photo-opt. Instrum. Engr. 695, 216 (1986)Google Scholar
  11. 7.9
    W. E. Moerner: J. Molec. Elec., 1, 55 (1985)ADSGoogle Scholar
  12. 7.10
    Oxford Instruments Ltd., Oxford, EnglandGoogle Scholar
  13. 7.11
    A. Winnacker, R. M. Shelby, R. M. Macfarlane: J. de Phys. Colloq. C7, Suppl. 10, 46, C7–543 (1985)Google Scholar
  14. 7.12
    F. M. Schellenberg, W. Lenth, G. C. Bjorklund: Appl. Opt. 25, 3207 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 7.13
    S. Kobayashi, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ito, T. Kimura: IEEE J. Quant. Elec. QE-I8, 582 (1982)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 7.14
    W. T. Tsang, N. A. Olsson, R. A. Logan: Appl. Phys. Lett. 42, 650 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 7.15
    K. J. Ebeling, L. A. Coldren: Appl. Phys. Lett. 44, 735 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 7.16
    G. C. Bjorklund: Opt. Lett. 5, 15 (1980)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 7.17
    G. C. Bjorklund, M. D. Levenson, W. Lenth, C. Ortiz: Appl. Phys. B32, 145 (1983)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 7.18
    M. D. Levenson, W. E. Moerner, D. E. Horne: Opt. Lett. 8, 108 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 7.19
    E. A. Whittaker, H.R. Wendt, H. E. Hunziker, G. C. Bjorklund: Appl. Phys. B 35, 105 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 7.20
    M. Gehrtz, W. E. Moerner, G. C. Bjorklund: IBM Research Report RJ 4678, April 30, 1985Google Scholar
  23. 7.21
    M. Gehrtz, G. C. Bjorklund, E. A. Whittaker: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2, 1510 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 7.22
    A. L. Huston, W. E. Moerner: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B: Opt. Phys. 1, 349 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 7.23
    A. L. Huston, W. E. Moerner: U. S. Patent 4,614,116, “Phase Sensitive Ultrasonic Modulation Method for the Detection of Strain-Sensitive Spectral Features’, September 30, 1986Google Scholar
  26. 7.24
    W. E. Moerner, A. L. Huston: Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 1181 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 7.25
    M. Romagnoli, M. D. Levenson, G. C. Bjorklund: Opt. Lett. 8, 635 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. 7.26
    M. Romagnoli, M. D. Levenson, G. C. Bjorklund: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B: Opt. Phys. 1, 571 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 7.27
    P. Pokrowsky, W. E. Moerner, F. Chu, G. C. Bjorklund: Opt. Lett. 8, 280 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. 7.28
    P. Pokrowsky, W. Zapka, F. Chu, G. C. Bjorklund: Opt. Commun. 44, 175 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. 7.29
    W. Lenth: Opt. Lett. 8, 575 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. 7.30
    W. Lenth: IEEE J. Quant. Elec. QE-20, (1984)Google Scholar
  33. 7.31
    M. Gehrtz, W. Lenth, A. T. Young, H. S. Johnston: Opt. Lett. 11, 132 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. 7.32
    W. Lenth and M. Gehrtz: Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 1263 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. 7.33
    D. J. Bernays: Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Instrum. Engr., 498, 175 (1984)Google Scholar
  36. 7.34
    W. E. Moerner, F. M. Schellenberg, G. C. Bjorklund: Appl. Phys. B28, 263 (1982)Google Scholar
  37. 7.35
    W. E. Moerner, P. Pokrowsky, F. M. Schellenberg, G. C. Bjorklund: Phys. Rev. B. 32, 1270 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  38. 7.36
    S. Yamaguchi, M. Suzuki: Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 597 (1982)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. 7.37
    W. E. Moerner: Proceedings of the International Conference: Lasers ‘83, R. C. Powell, editor, (STS Press, McLean, VA 1983 ), p. 489Google Scholar
  40. 7.38
    R. M. Macfarlane, R. T. Harley, R. M. Shelby: Rad. Effects 72, 1 (1983)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  41. 7.39
    H. P. H. Thijssen, R. E. van den Berg, S. Völker: Chem. Phys. Lett. 103, 23 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  42. 7.40
    A. Guiterrez, G. Castro, G. Schulte, D. Haarer: ‘Dynamical Linewidth Effects of Hole Burning of Free Base Phthalocyanine in Polymers: Spectral Diffusion and Exchange Narrowing’, in Organic Molecular Aggregates, Vol 49, P. Reineker, H. Haken, and H. C. Wolf, eds. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1983 ) pp. 206–214CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. 7.41
    H. W. H. Lee, A. L. Huston, M. Gehrtz, W. E. Moerner: Chem. Phys. Lett. 114, 491, (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  44. 7.42
    W. E. Moerner, F. M. Schellenberg, G.-C. Bjorklund, P. Kaipa, F. Lüty: Phys. Rev. B. 32, 1270 (1985)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  45. 7.43
    D. Botez: IEEE Spectrum, June 1985, pp. 43–53Google Scholar
  46. 7.44
    J.-C. Baumert, P. Günter, H. Melchior: Opt. Commun. 48, 215 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  47. 7.45
    D. M. Burland, D. Haarer: IBM J. Res. Devel. 23, 534 (1979)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  48. 7.46
    L. A. Rebane, A. A. Gorokhovskii, J. V. Kikas: Appl. Phys. B29, 235–250 (1982)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  49. 7.47
    S. Völker, J. H. van der Waals: Molec. Phys. 32, 1703 (1976)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  50. 7.48
    S. Völker, R. M. Macfarlane: IBM J. Res. Devel. 23, 547 (1979)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  51. 7.49
    A. Winnacker, R. M. Shelby, R. M. Macfarlane: Opt. Lett. 10, 350 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  52. 7.50
    W. Breinl, J. Friedrich, D. Haarer: Chem. Phys. Lett. 106, 487 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  53. 7.51
    W. Breinl, J. Friedrich, D. Haarer: J. Chem. Phys. 81, 3915 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  54. 7.52
    C. Ortiz, R. M. Macfarlane, R. M. Shelby, W. Lenth, G. C. Bjorklund: Appl. Phys. 25, 87 (1981)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  55. 7.53
    C. Ortiz, C. Alfonso, P. Pokrowsky, G. C. Bjorklund: Appl. Phys. Lett. 43, 1102 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  56. 7.54
    For a clear definition, see W. E. Moerner, M. Gehrtz, A. L. Huston: J. Phys. Chem. 88, 6459 (1984)Google Scholar
  57. 7.55
    L. Kador, G. Schulte, D. Haarer: J. Phys. Chem. 90, 1264 (1986)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  58. 7.56
    M. Romagnoli, W. E. Moerner, F. M. Schellenberg, M. D. Levenson, G. C. Bjorklund: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B: Optical Physics 1, 341 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  59. 7.57
    The excited state lifetime cannot be much shorter, or the hole width will become greater than 500 MHz. See reference [7.58]Google Scholar
  60. 7.58
    W. E. Moerner, M. D. Levenson: J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B: Optical Physics 2, 915 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  61. 7.59
    W. E. Moerner, A. R. Chraplyvy, A. J. Sievers,.R. H. Silsbee: Phys. Rev. B 28, 7244 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  62. 7.60
    F. M. Schellenberg: IBM Research Report #RJ4687, May 3, 1985Google Scholar
  63. 7.61
    D. M. Burland, F. Carmona, G. Castro, D. Haarer, R. M. Macfarlane: IBM Tech. Discl. Bull. 21, 3770 (1979)Google Scholar
  64. 7.62
    H. W. H. Lee, M. Gehrtz, E. Marinero, W. E. Moerner: Chem. Phys. Lett. 118, 611 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  65. 7.63
    R. M. Macfarlane, J. C. Vial: Phys. Rev. B 34, 1 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  66. 7.64
    M. Iannone, G. W. Scott, D. Brinza, D. R. Coulter: J. Chem. Phys. 85, 4863 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  67. 7.65
    T. P. Carter, C. Bräuchle, V. Y. Lee, M. Manavi, W. E. Moerner: Opt. Lett. 12, 370 (1987)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  68. 7.66
    T. P. Carter, C. Bräuchle, V. Y. Lee, W. E. Moerner: J. Phys. Chem. 91, 3998 (1987)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  69. 7.67
    W. E. Moerner, T. P. Carter, C. Bräuchle: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 430 (1987)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  70. 7.68
    A. J. Silversmith, W. Lenth, and R. M. Macfarlane: to be publishedGoogle Scholar
  71. 7.69
    W. Lenth, W. E. Moerner: Opt. Commun. 58, 249 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  72. 7.70
    T. W. Mossberg: Opt. Lett. 7, 77 (1982)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  73. 7.71
    L. Allen, J. H. Eberly: Optical Resonance and Two-Level Atoms, ( Wiley, New York 1975 )Google Scholar
  74. 7.72
    R. G. Brewer: “Coherent Optical Spectroscopy,” in Proc. Int. Summer School “Enrico Fermi” LXIV: Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Varenna, Italy, ed. by N. Bloembergen, (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1977 ), pp. 87–137Google Scholar
  75. 7.73
    R. L. Shoemaker: “Coherent Transient Infrared Spectroscopy,” in Laser and Coherence Spectroscopy, ed. by J. I. Steinfeld, ( Plenum, New York 1978 ), pp. 197–371Google Scholar
  76. 7.74
    A. G. Anderson, R. L. Garwin, E. L. Hahn, J. W. Horton, G. L. Tucker, R. M. Walker: J. Appl. Phys. 26, 1324 (1955)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  77. 7.75
    W. H. Hesselink, D. A. Wiersma: Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1991 (1979)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  78. 7.76
    W. H. Hesselink, D. A. Wiersma: J. Chem. Phys. 75, 4192 (1981)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  79. 7.77
    H. de Vries, D. A. Wiersma: J. Chem. Phys. 80, 657 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  80. 7.78
    A. Rebane, R. Kaarli, P. Saari, A. Anijalg, K. Timpmann: Opt. Commun. 47, 173 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  81. 7.79
    A. K. Rebane, R. K. Kaarli, P. M. Saari: JETP Lett. 38, 383 (1983)ADSGoogle Scholar
  82. 7.80
    A. Rebane, R. Kaarli: Chem. Phys. Lett. 101, 317 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  83. 7.81
    Y. S. Bai, W. R. Babbitt, N. W. Carlson, T. W. Mossberg: Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 714 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  84. 7.82
    P. M. Saari, R. K. Kaarli, A. K. Rebane: Kvantovaya Elektron. (Moscow) 12, 672 (1985)Google Scholar
  85. 7.83
    K. K. Rebane: Cryst. Latt. Def. Amorph. Mater. 12, 427 (1985)Google Scholar
  86. 7.84
    P. Saari, R. Kaarli, A. Rebane: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 527 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  87. 7.85
    K. K. Rebane: Sov. Phys. Usp. 29, 290 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  88. 7.86
    W. R. Babbitt, Y. S. Bai, T. W. Mossberg: Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Instrum. Engr. 639, 240 (1986)Google Scholar
  89. 7.87
    N. W. Carlson, L. J. Rothberg, A. G. Yodh, W. R. Babbitt, T. W. Mossberg: Opt. Lett. 8, 483 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  90. 7.88
    N. W. Carlson, W. R. Babbitt, T. W. Mossberg: Opt. Lett. 8, 623 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  91. 7.89
    A. K. Rebane, R. K. Kaarli, P. M. Saari: Opt. Spektrosk. 55, 405 (1983)Google Scholar
  92. 7.90
    P. W. Smith: Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 313, 349 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  93. 7.91
    N. W. Carlson, W. R. Babbitt, Y. S. Bai, T. W. Mossberg: Opt. Lett. 9, 232 (1984)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  94. 7.92
    Y. S. Bai, W. R. Babbitt, T. W. Mossberg: Opt. Lett. 11, 724 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  95. 7.93
    G. Castro, R. H. Dicke, D. Haarer: IBM Tech. Disci. Bull. 21, 33–33 (1979)Google Scholar
  96. 7.94
    M. Maier: Appl. Phys. B 41, 73 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  97. 7.95
    A. P. Marchetti, M. Scozzafava, R. H. Young: Chem. Phys. Lett. 51, 424 (1977)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  98. 7.96
    R. M. Macfarlane, R. M. Shelby: Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 788 (1979)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  99. 7.97
    V. D. Samoloilenko, N. V. Razumova, R. I. Personov: Opt. Spectrosc. (USSR) 52, 346 (1982)ADSGoogle Scholar
  100. 7.98
    F. A. Burkhalter, G. W. Suter, U. P. Wild, V. D. Samoilenko, N. V. Rasumova, R. I. Personov: Chem. Phys. Lett. 94, 483 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  101. 7.99
    U. Bogner, P. Schätz, R. Seel, M. Maier: Chem. Phys. Lett. 102, 267 (1983)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  102. 7.100
    U. P. Wild, S. E. Bucher, F. A. Burkhalter: Appl. Opt. 24, 1526 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  103. 7.101
    U. Bogner, K. Beck, M. Maier: Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 534 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  104. 7.102
    A. J. Meixner, A. Renn, S. E. Bucher, U. P. Wild: J. Phys. Chem. 90, 6777 (1986)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  105. 7.103
    W. E. Moerner: “Use of Homogeneous Electric Fields to Access the Longitudinal Spatial Dimension and to Provide Transverse Random Access in Frequency Domain Optical Memories,” Research Disclosure, No. 25333, May 1985Google Scholar
  106. 7.104
    D. Haarer, R. V. Pole, S. Völker: “Non-destructive Readout Scheme for Holographic Storage System,” U. S. Patent 4,103,346, July 25, 1978Google Scholar
  107. 7.105
    A. Renn, A. J. Meixner, U. P. Wild, F. A. Burkhalter: Chem. Phys. 93, 157 (1985)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  108. 7.106
    H. Kogelnik: Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48, 2909 (1969).Google Scholar
  109. 7.107
    G. C. Bjorklund: U.S. Patent No$14,306,771, “Optical Pulse Shaping Device and Method,” December 22, 1981Google Scholar
  110. 7.108
    G. C. Bjorklund, M. D. Levenson: “Laser Pulse Shaping Device Based on Fourier Synthesis Using Optical Anisotropies Produced by Spectral Hole Burning,” IBM Tech. Disci. Bull. 23, 2517 (1980)Google Scholar
  111. 7.109
    P. Schätz, U. Bogner, M. Maier: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 1132 (1986)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  112. 7.110
    S. K. Case: Appl. Opt. 18, 1890 (1979)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  113. 7.111
    G. C. Bjorklund, G. T. Sincerbox: “Frequency Multiplexed Optical Spatial Filter Based Upon Photochemical Hole Burning,” U. S. Patent No. 4,533,211, August 6, 1985Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1988

Authors and Affiliations

  • W. E. Moerner
  • W. Lenth
  • G. C. Bjorklund

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations