Abstract
While the histopathologist has relatively little difficulty in making the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma, the clinician may have considerable problems in deciding what this diagnosis implies for the patient. A proportion of adenocarcinomas do not seem to progress and are thus “latent”. This has been demonstrated from step-sectioning of prostates examined after autopsy which shows that, irrespective of the incidence of invasive prostatic cancer in the population of origin, the frequency of small “latent” cancers does not appear to vary much across populations (Breslow et al. 1977). This implies that varying proportions of these tumours do not progress to the clinically manifest form. Any series of prostate cancer contains a proportion of tumours which do not behave in a truly malignant fashion.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aoki K, Kurihara M, Hayakawa N, Suzuki S (1992) Death rates from malignant neoplasms for selected sites by sex and five-year age group in 33 countries. 1953-57 to 1983-87. University of Nagoya Co-op Press, Nagoya
Berrino F, Sant M, Verdecchia A, Capocaccia R, Hakulinen T, Esteve J (1994) Survival of cancer patients in Europe: the EUROCARE study. IARC, Lyon (IARC scientific publications no 132)
Black RJ, Sharp L, Kendrick SW (1993) Trends in cancer survival 1968-1990. ISD, Edinburgh
Breslow N, Chan CW, Dhom G (1977) Latent carcinoma of the prostate at autopsy in seven areas. Int J Cancer 20:680–688
Carstairs V, Morris R (1991) Deprivation and health in Scotland. Aberdeen University Press, Aberdeen
Carstensen B, Storm HH, Schou G (1993) Survival of Danish cancer patients 1943-1987. APMIS, Copenhagen
Dearnley DP (1994) Cancer of the prostate. BMJ 308:780–784
Kemp IW, Boyle P, Smans M, Muir CS (1985) Atlas of cancer in Scotland 1975-1980. Incidence and epidemiological perspective. IARC, Lyon (IARC scientific publications no 72)
Kendrick SW, Clarke J (1993) The Scottish record linkage system. Health Bull 512:72–79
Kogevinas E (1989) Longitudinal study. Socio-economic differences in cancer survival 1971-1983 England and Wales. HMSO, London (OPCS series LS no 5)
La Vecchia C, Lucchine F, Negri E, Boyle P, Maisonneuve P, Levi F (1992) Trends in cancer mortality in Europe, 1955-1989. III. Breast and genital sites. Eur J Cancer 28A:927–998
Lee HP, Ghia KS, Shanmugaratnam K (1992) Cancer incidence in Singapore 1983-1987. Singapore Cancer Registry Report no 3, Singapore
Logan WPD (1983) Cancer mortality by occupation and social class 1851-1971. IARC, Lyon (IARC scientific publications no 36)
Moller Jensen O, Esteve J, Moller H, Renard H (1990) Cancer in the European Community and its member states. Eur J Cancer 26:1167–1256
Muir CS, Percy C (1989) The international comparability of cancer mortality data. Am J Epidemiol 129:934–946
Murphy GP, Natarajan N, Pontes JE et al (1982) The national survey of prostate cancer in the United States by the American College of Surgeons. J Urol 127:928–934
Parkin DM, Muir CS, Whelan SL, Gao Y-T, Ferlay J, Powell J (1992) Cancer incidence in five continents, vol VI. IARC, Lyon (IARC scientific publications no 120)
Pelletier G (1993) La survie reliee au cancer: etude des nouveaux cas declares au Quebec au cours des annees 1984, 1985 et 1986. Gouvernement de Quebec
Peto R, Pike MC (1973) Conservatism of the approximation sigma ((o-e)**2)/e in the logrank test for survival data or cancer incidence data. Biometrics 29:579–584
Potosky AL, Kessler L, Gridley G, Brown CC, Horm JW (1990) Rise in prostatic cancer incidence associated with increased use of transurethral resection. J Natl Cancer Inst 82:1624–1628
Registre Genevois des Tumeurs (1993) Le cancer a Geneve: incidence, mortalite, survie 1970-1990. Registre Genevois des Tumeurs, Geneve
Ries LAG, Hankey BF, Miller BA, Hartman AM, Edwards BK (1991) Cancer statistics review 1973-1988. National Cancer Institute. NIH publ, no 91-2789
Sharp L, Black RJ, Harkness EF, Finlayson AR, Muir CS (1993) Cancer registration statistics Scotland 1981-1990. ISD, Edinburgh
Smans M, Muir CS, Boyle P (1992) Atlas of cancer mortality in the European Economic Community. IARC, Lyon (IARC scientific publications no 107)
Targonski PV, Guinan P, Phillips CW (1991) Prostate cancer: the stage disadvantage in the black male. J Natl Med Assoc 83:1094–1096
Wasson JH, Cushman CC, Bruskewitz RC, Littenberg B, Mulley AG, Wennberg JE, the Prostate Disease Outcome Team (1993) A structured literature review of treatment for localized prostate cancer. Arch Fam Med 2:487–493
Wilson JM, Kemp IW, Stein GJ (1984) Cancer of the prostate. Do younger men have a poorer survival rate? Br J Urol 56:391–396
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gould, A., Muir, C.S., Sharp, L. (1995). Prognosis and Survival in Prostate Cancer. In: Garraway, M. (eds) Epidemiology of Prostate Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78826-0_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78826-0_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78828-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78826-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive