Structural heterogeneity of membrane receptors and GTP-binding proteins and its functional consequences for signal transduction

  • Fritz Boege
  • Eberhard Neumann
  • Ernst J. M. Helmreich
Chapter
Part of the EJB Reviews 1991 book series (EJB REVIEWS, volume 1991)

Abstract

Recent information obtained, mainly by recombinant cDNA technology, on structural heterogeneity of hormone and transmitter receptors, of GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) and, especially, of G-protein-linked receptors is reviewed and the implications of structural heterogeneity for diversity of hormone and transmitter actions is discussed. For the future, three-dimensional structural analysis of membrane proteins participating in signal transmission and transduction pathways is needed in order to understand the molecular basis of allosteric regulatory mechanisms governing the interactions between these proteins including hysteretic properties and cell-cybernetic aspects.

Keywords

Adenylate Cyclase Structural Heterogeneity Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Target Enzyme Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Abbreviations

AcCh

acetylcholine

nAcChR

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

GABAA

receptor which binds γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Purinergic (P) ligands ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, cf. Burnstock, 1978

[Purinergic (P) ligands ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, cf. Burnstock, 1978; Burnstock and Kennedy, 1985]

G

proteins: heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins composed of α-, β- and γ-subunits

Gs

stimulatory G-protein

Gi

inhibitory G-protein

Go

brain-derived G-protein

Gt (transducin)

rhodopsin-linked G-protein etc.

ras, rho, etc., small monomeric G

proteins

GAP-43

growth-associated protein with M r 43000

ARF

ADP-ribosylating factor

GAP

GTPase-activating protein

GEF

GDP-exchange factor

GTP[γS]

guanosine 5′-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)

Ptdlns

phosphatidyl 1-inositol

MDCK cells

Madin-Darby canine kidney cells

GH4C1

pituitary cell line from the rat

BALB

c-3T3 cells are from a mouse fibroblast cell line

Carazolol

1-(9H-carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-[(1-methylethyl)-amino]-2-propanol is a β-adrenergic blocker

CGP-12177 is a β-adrenergic antagonist and the Ciba Geigy product 12177

4-[3-(t-butyl-amino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]benz-imidazol-2-on

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991

Authors and Affiliations

  • Fritz Boege
    • 1
  • Eberhard Neumann
    • 2
  • Ernst J. M. Helmreich
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgFederal Republic of Germany
  2. 2.Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of BielefeldFederal Republic of Germany

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