Plant Mycoplasma Diseases

  • K. Maramorosch
Chapter
Part of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology book series (PLANT, volume 4)

Abstract

For the purpose of this review the term “plant mycoplasma diseases” will be used to describe diseases caused by identified, as well as unidentified agents considered until 1967 to belong to plant pathogenic viruses. Some of these agents resemble mycoplasmas, while others resemble bacteria. The reason for grouping walled, as well as membrane-bound microorganisms together under a single and most certainly incorrect name has only a historical justification. Since 1967 it has become apparent that proliferation diseases, yellows type, big bud, witches broom and certain stunting diseases are not of viral nature (Doi et al. (1967); Ishiie et al. (1967); Nasu et al. (1967)). At first there was a tendency to recognize all of these diseases as caused by either pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO, mycoplasmas), or as psittacosis-lymphogranuloma-trachoma-like agents (PLT). More recently the now common misnomer “plant mycoplasma diseases” came into use, even though the evidence for mycoplasma etiology was, at best, only circumstantial. Whether the term mycoplasma should be used for all unit membrane-bound, wall-less microorganisms, as is sometimes done, is questionable. The genera Mycoplasma, Acholeplasma, and Thermoplasma contain no known plant pathogens. The only plant pathogen properly characterized belongs to the newly recognized genus Spiroplasma. The above four genera belong to the class Mollicutes, and the term “mycoplasmas” might perhaps be justified as a vernacular term, including Spiroplasmas as well as the poorly defined mycoplasmalike organisms (MLO) associated with plant diseases. With the above reservations the term will be used in this review.

Keywords

Insect Vector Aster Yellow Witch Broom Leafhopper Vector Mycoplasmalike Organism 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg 1976

Authors and Affiliations

  • K. Maramorosch

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