Anomalien des Wachstums und der Körperform
Zusammenfassung
Die Terminologie des Minderwuchses wird weder in der internationalen noch in der deutschsprachigen Literatur einheitlich gehandhabt. Frühere Definitionen, die von der absoluten Körpergröße bzw. von dem Defizit in cm ausgingen (Paltauf, Aschoff, Quetelet, Günther) haben nur noch historisches Interesse. Manche Autoren unterteilen den Minderwuchs nach Prozenten des Defizits gegenüber dem altersnormalen Mittelwert in Kleinwuchs (Mikrosomie) und Zwergwuchs (Nanosomie), wobei diese Begriffe unterschiedlich definiert werden (Catel, Prader, 1967). Angesichts der Tatsache, daß sich der Variationskoeffizient der Körper länge, ausgedrückt in Prozent, im Laufe des Wachstums beträchtlich verändert, ist die Angabe des Längen defizits in Standardabweichungen (Sigma) oder nach Perzentil-bereichen, die die statistischen Normen berücksichtigen, vorzuziehen.
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Literatur
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