Ischemic Neuronal Injury and Gene Expression of Facilitative and Inhibitory Growth Factors
Summary
We studied the regulatory mechanism of gene expression for the facilitative growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and the growth inhibitory factor (GIF) in ischemic brain tissue. The mRNA expression of these growth factors was studied using the in situ hybridization method and compared with the expression of c-fos, c-jun, and heat shock protein(HSP) 70 mRNA in the serial sections of the brain tissue during the recirculation period after 2 h-occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rat. The pattern of gene expression for bFGF, c-fos, and c-jun is quite similar, whereas HSP70 and GIF gene expression is somewhat different from others. The result of these findings suggests that gene expression of facilitative and inhibitory growth factors is well controlled in order. In the same tissue preparation, we studied gene expression of neuropsin, a hippocampus-specific serine protease. Down-regulation of neuropsin after ischemic insult was found and it may be related to the restorative process of hippocampal neurons against ischemic stress.
Keywords
Middle Cerebral Artery Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Pyramidal Cell Layer Left Middle Cerebral Artery Growth Inhibitory FactorPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.Angel P, Allegretto EA, Okino ST, Hattori K, Boyle WJ, Hunter T, Karin M (1988) Oncogene jun encodes a sequence-specific transactivator similar to AP-1. Nature 322: 166–171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Chen ZL, Yoshida S, Kato K, Momota Y, Suzuki J, Tanaka T, Ito J, Nishino H, Aimoto S, Kiyama H et al (1995) Expression and activity-dependent changes of a novel limbic-serine protease gene in the hippocampus. J Neurosci 15: 5088–5097PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 3.Curran T, Gordon MB, Rubino KL, Sambucetti LC (1987) Isolation and characterization of the cfos (rat) cDNA and analysis of post-translational modification in vitro. Oncogene 2: 79–84PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 4.Kobayashi H, Uchida Y, Ihara Y, Nahajima K, Kohsaka S, Miyatake T, Tsuji S (1993) Molecular cloning of rat growth inhibitory factor cDNA and the expression in the central nervous system. Mol Brain Res 19: 188–194PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.Kohmura E, Yuguchi T, Yamada K, Sakaguchi T, Hayakawa T (1994) Recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor spares thalamic neurons from retrograde degeneration after ablation of the somatosensory cortex in rats. Restr Neurol Neurosci 6: 309–316Google Scholar
- 6.Kohmura E, Yuguchi T, Yamada K, Sakaguchi T, Wanaka A, Hayakawa T (1995) Expression of c-fos mRNA after cortical ablation in rat brain is modulated by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and the NMDA receptor is involved in c-fos expression. Mol Brain Res 28: 117–121PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.Longo FM, Wang S, Narasimhan P, Zhang JS, Chen J, Massa SM, Sharp FR (1993) cDNA cloning and expression of stress-inducible rat hsp70 in normal and injured rat brain. J Neurosci Res 36: 325–335PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 8.Sakaguchi T, Yamada K, Wanaka A, Kohmura E, Yuguchi T, Taneda M, Kataoka K, Tohyama M, Hayakawa T (1994) Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor receptor messenger RNA in the periinfarcted brain tissue. Restr Neurol Neurosci 7: 29–36Google Scholar
- 9.Yamada K, Kinoshita A, Kohmura E, Sakaguchi T, Taguchi J, Kataoka K, Hayakawa T (1991) Basic fibroblast growth factor prevents thalamic degeneration after cortical infarction. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 11: 472–478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Yamada K, Kohmura E, Taguchi J, Kinoshita A, Sakaguchi T, Hayakawa T (1992) Expression of basic FGF in periinfarcted brain tissue and modification of postischemic thalamic degeneration by exogenous basic FGF. In: Globus MYT, Dietrich WD (eds) The role of neurotransmitters in brain injury. Plenum, New York, pp 259–264Google Scholar
- 11.Yuguchi T, Kohmura E, Yamada K, Wanaka A, Otsuki H, Sakaguchi T, Yamashita T, Tohyama M, Hayakawa T (1994) Messenger RNA and protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor receptor after cortical ablation. Mol Brain Res 25: 50–56PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Yuguchi T, Kohmura E, Yamada K, Sakaki T, Yamashita T, Otsuki H, Wanaka A, Tohyama M, Tsuji S, Hayakawa T (1995) Changes in growth inhibitory factor mRNA expression compared with those in c-jun mRNA expression following facial nerve transection. Mol Brain Res 28: 181–185PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar