Proteome Research: Mass Spectrometry pp 55-74 | Cite as
Data-Controlled Micro-Scale Liquid Chromatography — Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Peptides and Proteins: Strategies for Improved Sensitivity, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Abstract
Over the past decade, electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) has emerged as one of the most useful analytical tools for characterising peptides and proteins. As originally conceived, it was a technique that performed best at flow rates of a few microlitres per minute. Such flow rates are significantly lower than those utilised in standard analytical [4.6-mm internal diameter (ID) column] and microbore (2.1-mm ID column) chromatography. As a result, a flurry of activity ensued on the part of mass spectrometer manufacturers in order to design electrospray (ES) interfaces that would accommodate higher flow rates.
Keywords
Ally Topic Charged Droplet Sheath Liquid Capillary Liquid Chromatography Peak ParkingPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- Chervet JP, Ursem M, Salzmann JB (1996) Instrumental requirements for nanoscale liquid chromatography. Anal Chem 68:1507–1512PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis MT, Lee TD (1997) Variable flow liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the comprehensive analysis of complex protein digest mixtures. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 8:1059–1069CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis MT, Lee TD (1998) Rapid protein identification using a microscale electrospray LC/MS system on an ion trap mass spectrometer. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 9:194–201PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis MT, Stahl DC, Hefta SA, Lee TD (1995a) A microscale electrospray interface for on-line, capillary liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry of complex peptide mixtures. Anal Chem 67:4549–4556PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis MT, Stahl DC, Lee TD (1995b) Low-flow, high-performance liquid chromatography solvent-delivery system designed for tandem capillary liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 6:571–577CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis MT, Stahl DC, Lee TD (1998) An integrated microspray system for rapid biodetection by mass spectrometry, The 46th ASMS conference on mass spectrometry and allied topics, Orlando, FL, 31 May — 4 June 1998, American Society of Mass Spectrometry, p 284Google Scholar
- Dole M, Mach LL, Hines RL, Mobley RC, Ferguson LP, Alice MB (1968) Molecular beams of macroions. J Chem Phys 49:2240–2249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ducret A, Bartone N, Haynes PA, Blanchard A, Aebersold R (1998) A simplified gradient solvent delivery system for capillary liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 265:129–138PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Emmett MR, Caprioli RM (1994) Micro-electrospray mass spectrometry — ultra-high-sensitivity analysis of peptides and proteins. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 5:605–613CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Emmett MR, White FM, Hendrickson CL, Shi S, Marshall AG (1998) Application of micro-electrospray liquid chromatography techniques to FT-ICR MS to enable high-sensitivity biological analyses. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 9:333–340PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Fenn JB, Mann M, Meng CK, Wong SF, Whitehouse CM (1989) Electrospray ionization for mass spectrometry of large biomolecules. Science 246:64–71PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Figeys D, Ning YB, Aebersold R (1997) A microfabricated device for rapid protein identification by microelectrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 69:3153–3160PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Gatlin CL, Kleemann GR, Hays LG, Link AJ, Yates JR III (1998) Protein identification at the low femtomole level from silver stained gell using a new fritless electrospray interface for liquid chromatography-microspray and nanospray mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 263:93–101PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Henion J, Heinig K, Wachs T, Schultz G, Corso T(1999) Capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry: from one-meter capillaries to chip-based devices. The 47th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Dallas, Texas, 1999. CD-ROM. The American Society of Mass SpectrometryGoogle Scholar
- Ishii D, Asai K, Hibi K, Jonokuchi T, Nagaya M (1977) A study of micro-high-performance liquid chromatography I. Development of technique for miniaturization of high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 144:157–168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Johnson GW (1994) Lab VIEW graphical programming: practical applications in instrumentation and control. McGraw-Hill, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- Juraschek R, Dulcks T, Karas M (1998) Nanoelectrospray — more than just a minimized-flow electrospray ionization source. J Am Soc Mass Spec 10:300–308CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kriger MS, Cook KD, Ramsey RS (1995) Durable gold-coated fused silica capillaries for use in electrospray mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 67:385–389PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Krishnamurthy T, Davis MT, Stahl DC, Lee TD (1998) Liquid chromatography/microspray mass spectrometry for bacterial investigations. Rap Commun Mass Spectrom 12:1–11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lebrilla C, Liu J, Tseng K (1999) A micro-fabricated device for coupling capillary electrophoresis and MALDI-MS. The 47th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Dallas, Texas, 1999. CD-ROM, The American Society of Mass SpectrometryGoogle Scholar
- Lemmo AV, Jorgenson JW (1993) Two-dimensional protein separation by microcolumn size-exclusion chromatography-capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr 633:213–220CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Licklider L, Wang XQ, Desai A, Tai YC, Lee TD (2000) A micro-machined chip-based electrospray source for mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 72:367–375PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lim HK, Stellingweif S, Sisenwine S, Chan K (1999) Rapid drug metabolite profiling using fast liquid chromatography, automated multiple-stage mass spectrometry and receptor-binding. I Chromatogr A 831:227–241CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Moore RE, Licklider L, Schumann D, Lee TD (1998) A micro-scale electrospray interface incorporating a monolithic, polystyrene-divinylbenzene support for on-line liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of peptides and proteins. Anal Chem 70:4879–4884PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ramsey RS, Ramsey JM (1997) Generating electrospray from microchip devices using electroosmotic pumping. Anal Chem 69:1174–1178CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Stahl DC, Martino PA, Swiderek KM, Davis MT, Lee TD (1992) Automated LC/MS/MS analysis of peptide mixtures using capillary HPLC and electrospray ionization on a triple-sector quadrupole mass spectrometer. The 40th Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Washington, DC, 1992, American Society of Mass Spectrometry, pp 1801–1802Google Scholar
- Stahl DC, Davis MT, Lee TD(1994) Development of a capillary HPLC interface to a Finnigan TSQ 700 mass spectrometer. The 42nd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Chicago, Illinois, 1994, American Society of Mass Spectrometry, p 487Google Scholar
- Stahl DC, Davis MT, Lee TD (1996a) Data-controlled modification of the chromatographic time frame using feedback modulation. The 44th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Portland, Oregon, 1996, American Society of Mass Spectrometry, p 1177Google Scholar
- Stahl DC, Swiderek KM, Davis MT, Lee TD (1996b) Data-controlled automation of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of peptide mixtures. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 7:532–540CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Takeuchi T, Ishii D (1982) Continuous gradient elution in micro high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 253:41–47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Taylor GI (1964) Disintegration of water drops in an electric field. Proc R Soc Lond A 280:383–397CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Waterman DA, Hayes-Roth F (1983) Building expert systems. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MAGoogle Scholar
- Whitehouse CM, Dreyer RN, Yamashita M, Fenn JB (1985) Electrospray interface for liquid chro-matographs and mass spectrometers. Anal Chem 57:675–679PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wilm MS, Mann M (1994) Electrospray and Taylor-Cone theory, Dole’s beam of macromolecules at last? Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Proc 136:167–180CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wilm M, Mann M (1996) Analytical properties of the nanoelectrospray ion source. Anal Chem 68:1–8PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Xue QF, Dunayevskiy YM, Foret F, Karger BL (1997) Integrated multichannel microchip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: analysis of peptides from on-chip tryptic digestion of melittin. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11:1253–1256PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Zeleny J (1914) The electrical discharge from liquid points, and a hydrostatic method of measuring the electric intensity at their surfaces. Phys Rev 3:69–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar