Stoffwechsel der Sterine und Steroide (mit Ausnahme der Steroidhormone)

  • Hans Machleidt
  • Rudolf Tschesche
Chapter

Zusammenfassung

Vor bereits 20 Jahren wurden die ersten Untersuchungen über die Biosynthese der Steroide mit isotopenmarkierten Verbindungen vorgenommen. Sonderhoff und Thomas ließen Hefe in Gegenwart von D3CCOOH wachsen und isolierten eine unverseifbare Fraktion, welche eine größere Menge an Deuterium als die isolierten Fettsäuren enthielt. Ähnliche Untersuchungen wurden später von Bloch und Rittenberg (1942) an Tieren durchgeführt. Das biosynthetisch erhaltene Cholesterin zeigte einen hohen Gehalt an Deuterium. Aus den Versuchen wurde deutlich, daß Acetat an der Biosynthese des Cholesterins beteiligt sein muß. Nachdem 13C- und 14C-Verbindungen zugänglich geworden waren, wurde diese Hypothese durch Einsatz von markierten Verbindungen stark ausgebaut. Rittenberg und Bloch (1945) gelang die Überführung von D3C—13COOH in das Cholesterin der Ratte, wobei sowohl D als auch 13C eingebaut wurden. Genauere Ergebnisse erhielten Little und Bloch durch Inkubation von Rattenleber-schnitten mit 14CH3—13COOH oder 13CH3—14COOH. Die Untersuchung des isolierten Cholesterins auf den Gehalt an 13C und 14C ergab ein Verhältnis von 1,27 Methyl: Carboxyl entsprechend 15 : 12, vorausgesetzt, alle 27 C-Atome des Cholesterins waren aus Acetat entstanden. Bei der Pyrolyse des in Cholesteryl-chlorid übergeführten Cholesterins entstanden ein C19-Kohlen wasserst off und iso-Octan.

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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1961

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  • Hans Machleidt
  • Rudolf Tschesche

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