Abstract
Reasoning about actions forms the basis of many tasks such as prediction, planning, and diagnosis in a dynamic domain. Within the reasoning about actions community, a broad class of languages called action languages has been developed together with a methodology for their use in representing dynamic domains. With a few notable exceptions, the focus of these efforts has largely centered around single-agent systems. Agents rarely operate in a vacuum however, and almost in parallel, substantial work has been done within the dynamic epistemic logic community towards understanding how the actions of an agent may affect the knowledge and/or beliefs of his fellows. What is less understood by both communities is how to represent and reason about both the direct and indirect effects of both ontic and epistemic actions within a multi-agent setting. This paper presents a new action language, m \(\mathcal{AL}\), which brings together techniques developed in both communities for reasoning about dynamic multi-agent domains involving both ontic and epistemic actions, as well as the indirect effects that such actions may have on the domain.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Balduccini, M., Gelfond, M.: The AAA Architecture: An Overview. In: AAAI Spring Symposium 2008 on Architectures for Intelligent Theory-Based Agents (2008)
Baltag, A., Moss, L.S.: Logics for Epistemic Programs. Synthese 139(2), 165–224 (2004)
Baral, C.: Reasoning About Actions: Non-deterministic Effects, Constraints, and Qualification. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 1995, pp. 2017–2023. Morgan Kaufmann (1995)
Baral, C., Gelfond, G., Son, T.C., Pontelli, E.: An Action Language for Reasoning about Beliefs in Multi-Agent Domains. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning (2012)
Baral, C., Gelfond, M.: Reasoning about effects of concurrent actions. Journal of Logic Programming 31, 85–117 (1997)
van Benthem, J., van Eijck, J., Kooi, B.: Logics of communication and change. Information and Computation 204(11), 1620–1662 (2006)
van Ditmarsch, H., van der Hoek, W., Kooi, B.: Dynamic Epistemic Logic. Springer (2008)
Fagin, R., Halpern, J.Y., Moses, Y., Vardi, M.Y.: Reasoning About Knowledge. MIT Press (1995)
Gelfond, M.: Answer Sets. In: Handbook of Knowledge Representation, ch. 7. Elsevier (2007)
Gelfond, M., Lifschitz, V.: Representing Action and Change by Logic Programs. Journal of Logic Programming 17, 301–322 (1993)
Gelfond, M., Lifschitz, V.: Action Languages. Electronic Transactions on AI 3 (1998)
Lifschitz, V. (ed.): Formalizing Common Sense – Papers by John McCarthy. Ablex Publishing Corporation (1990)
Lin, F.: Embracing Causality in Specifying the Indirect Effects of Actions. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 1995. Morgan Kaufmann (1995)
Lin, F., Shoham, Y.: Provably correct theories of action. Journal of the ACM 42(2), 293–320 (1995)
McCain, N., Turner, H.: A Causal Theory of Ramifications and Qualifications. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 1995. Morgan Kaufmann (1995)
McCarthy, J.: Programs with common sense. In: Semantic Information Processing, pp. 403–418. MIT Press (1959)
McCarthy, J.: Mathematical Logic in Artificial Intelligence. Daedalus 117(1), 297–311 (1988)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Baral, C., Gelfond, G., Pontelli, E., Son, T.C. (2013). Reasoning about the Beliefs of Agents in Multi-agent Domains in the Presence of State Constraints: The Action Language mAL. In: Leite, J., Son, T.C., Torroni, P., van der Torre, L., Woltran, S. (eds) Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems. CLIMA 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8143. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40624-9_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40624-9_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-40623-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-40624-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)