Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Spleen

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Radiology Illustrated book series (RADILL)

Abstract

Pediatric patients have unique diseases in the liver, biliary tract, pancreas, and spleen, and it is important to approach pediatric disease systematically and multidisciplinarily, including clinical chemistry, hematology, radiology, histopathology, and microbiology. This chapter presents various imaging findings of the liver, biliary tract, pancreas, and spleen in children, including congenital anomalies, inflammatory or infectious diseases, metabolic or infiltrative diseases, and tumorous conditions.

Keywords

Bile Duct Biliary Atresia Choledochal Cyst Extrahepatic Bile Duct Focal Nodular Hyperplasia 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Blickman JG, Parker BR, Barnes PD. Pediatric radiology. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier; 2009.Google Scholar
  2. Boll DT, Merkle EM. Diffuse liver disease: strategies for hepatic CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 2009;29:1591–614.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Chavhan GB, Babyn PS, Manson D, et al. Pediatric MR cholangiopancreatography: principles, technique, and clinical applications. Radiographics. 2008;28:1951–62.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Chung EM, Travis MD, Conran RM. Pancreatic tumors in children: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2006;26:1211–38.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Darge K, Anupindi S. Pancreatitis and the role of US, MRCP and ERCP. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39 Suppl 2:S153–7.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Gubernick JA, Rosenberg HK, Ilaslan H, et al. US approach to jaundice in infants and children. Radiographics. 2000;20:173–95.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Han SJ, Kim MJ, Han A, et al. Magnetic resonance cholangiography for the diagnosis of biliary atresia. J Pediatr Surg. 2002;37:599–604.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Hilmes MA, Strouse PJ. The pediatric spleen. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2007;28:3–11.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Jha P, Chawla SC, Tavri S, et al. Pediatric liver tumors – a pictorial review. Eur Radiol. 2009;19:209–19.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Kamath BM, Spinner NB, Piccoli DA. Alagille syndrome. In: Suchy FJ, Sokol RJ, Balistreri WF, editors. Liver disease in children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007.Google Scholar
  11. Kelly DA. Diseases of the liver and biliary system in children. Malden: Blackwell; 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Lee MS, Kim MJ, Lee MJ, et al. Biliary atresia: color Doppler US findings in neonates and infants. Radiology. 2009;252:282–9.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Lee MJ, Kim MJ, Yoon CS. MR cholangiopancreatography findings in children with spontaneous bile duct perforation. Pediatr Radiol. 2010;40:687–92.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Lynn KN, Werder GM, Callaghan RM, et al. Pediatric blunt splenic trauma: a comprehensive review. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39:904–16. Quiz 1029–1030.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Nijs E, Callahan MJ, Taylor GA. Disorders of the pediatric pancreas: imaging features. Pediatr Radiol. 2005;35:358–73. Quiz 457.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Oldenburg A, Hohmann J, Skrok J, et al. Imaging of paediatric splenic injury with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Pediatr Radiol. 2004;34:351–4.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Pariente D. The biliary tract. In: Carty H, Brunelle F, Stringer DA, editors. Imaging children. Edinburgh/New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005.Google Scholar
  18. Siegel MJ. Gallbladder and biliary tract. In: Siegel MJ, editor. Pediatric sonography. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.Google Scholar
  19. Takeshi M, Masahiko U, Atsuyuki Y. Choledochal cyst. In: Puri P, Höllwarth M, editors. Pediatric surgery. 1st ed. Berlin/New York: Springer; 2006.Google Scholar
  20. Tang A, Tan J, Sun M, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: MR imaging of liver proton density fat fraction to assess hepatic steatosis. Radiology. 2013;267:422–31.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Todani T, Watanabe Y, Narusue M, et al. Congenital bile duct cysts: classification, operative procedures, and review of thirty-seven cases including cancer arising from choledochal cyst. Am J Surg. 1977;134:263–9.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Valentino M, Serra C, Pavlica P, et al. Blunt abdominal trauma: diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced US in children – initial experience. Radiology. 2008;246:903–9.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Xanthakos SA, Yazigi NA, Ryckman FC, et al. Spontaneous perforation of the bile duct in infancy: a rare but important cause of irritability and abdominal distension. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003;36:287–91.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of RadiologySeverance Children’s Hospital and Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Personalised recommendations