Immune Responses to Sexually Transmitted HPV Infection

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Abstract

Genital HPV infection is very common in young sexually active individuals, the majority of whom mount an effective immune response and control the infection with a Th1-cell-mediated response followed by seroconversion and antibody to the major capsid protein L1. These antibody and cell-mediated responses are protective against subsequent viral challenge in natural infections in animals. About 10% of individuals develop a persistent infection and it is this cohort that is at risk for progressive or recurrent disease. Effective evasion of innate immune recognition seems to be the hallmark of HPV infections since the infectious cycle is one in which viral replication and release is not associated with inflammation. Furthermore, HPV infections disrupt cytokine expression and signaling with the E6 and E7 oncoproteins particularly targeting the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. Prophylactic vaccines consisting of HPV L1 VLPs generate a strong antibody response and in clinical trials have shown a remarkable efficacy against disease caused by the HPV types in the vaccines. These vaccines are delivered intramuscularly and therefore circumvent the immune evasion strategies of the virus.

Keywords

Genital Wart Major Capsid Protein Anogenital Wart Infectious Cycle Wart Regression 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of PathologyCambridgeUK

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