Introduction

Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem and is the most common fatal infectious disease in the world. More than 2 billion people, equal to one third of the world’s population, are currently infected and more than 1.3 billion people die from tuberculosis. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) refers to disease outside the lungs. About 15–20% of tuberculosis cases are extrapulmonary. EPTB has become more common due to coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the advent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In HIV-positive patients, EPTB account for more than 50% of all cases of tuberculosis.

Keywords

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Hematogenous Dissemination Papillary Necrosis Tuberculous Peritonitis 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Suggested Reading

  1. Asch MR, Toi A. Seminal vesicles: imaging and intervention using transrectal ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med. 1991;10:19–23.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Birnbaum BA, Friedman JP, Lubat E, et al. Extrarenal genitourinary tuberculosis: CT appearance of calcified pipe-stem ureter and seminal vesicle abscess. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1990;14:653–5.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Burrill J, Williams CJ, Bain G, et al. Tuberculosis: a radiologic review. Radiographics. 2007;27:1255–73.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Chung JJ, Kim MJ, Lee T, et al. Sonographic findings in tuberculous epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997;25:390–4.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Crowley JJ, Ramji FG, Amundson GM. Genital tract tuberculosis with peritoneal involvement: MR appearance. Abdom Imaging. 1997;22:445–7.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Engin G, Acunas B, Acunas G, et al. Imaging of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Radiographics. 2000;20:471–88.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Gibson MS, Puckett ML, Shelly ME. Renal tuberculosis. Radiographics. 2004;24:251–6.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Golden MP, Vikram HR. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72:1761–8.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Ha HK, Jung JI, Lee MS, et al. CT differentiation of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;167:743–8.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Harisinghani MG, McLoud TC, Shepard JO, et al. Tuberculosis from head to toe. Radiographics. 2000;20:449–70.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Hiller N, Lioubashevsky N. Tuberculous peritonitis: a diagnostic challenge. Abdom Imaging. 2001;26:319–22.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Jadvar H, Mindelzun RE, Olcott EW, et al. Still the great mimicker: abdominal tuberculosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;168:1455–60.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Jung YY, Kim JK, Cho KS. Genitourinary tuberculosis: comprehensive cross-sectional imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184:143–50.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Kim SH. Urogenital tuberculosis. In: Pollack HM, McClennan BL, editors. Clinical urography, vol. 1228. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2000. p. 1193–228.Google Scholar
  15. Kim SH. Urogenital tuberculosis. In: Kim SH, editor. Radiology illustrated: uroradiology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2003. p. 273–310.Google Scholar
  16. Kim SH, Yoon HK, Park JH, et al. Tuberculous stricture of the urinary tract: antegrade balloon dilation and ureteral stenting. Abdom Imaging. 1993a;18:186–90.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Kim SH, Pollack HM, Cho KS, et al. Tuberculous epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis: sonographic findings. J Urol. 1993b;150:81–4.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Kim SH, Kim SH, Kim WH. Imaging makes progress in urinary tract tuberculosis. Diagn Imaging Asia Pac. 1995;2:22–8.Google Scholar
  19. Naik KS, Carey BM. The transrectal ultrasound and MRI appearances of granulomatous prostatitis and its differentiation from carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 1999;54:173–5.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Rodriguez E, Pombo F. Peritoneal tuberculosis versus peritoneal carcinomatosis: distinction based on CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1996;20:269–72.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Vijayaraghavan SB, Kandasamy SV, Arul M, et al. Spectrum of high-resolution sonographic features of urinary tuberculosis. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:585–94.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. World Health Organization: Tuberculosis fact sheet. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en. Accessed November 2010.
  23. Yang DM, Chang MS, Oh YH, et al. Chronic tuberculous epididymitis: color Doppler US findings with histopathologic correlation. Abdom Imaging. 2000;25:559–62.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Yang DM, Yoon MH, Kim HS, et al. Comparison of tuberculous and pyogenic epididymal abscesses: clinical, gray-scale sonographic, and color Doppler sonographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;177:1131–5.PubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of RadiologyDong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of MedicineBusanKorea
  2. 2.Department of RadiologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea

Personalised recommendations