Abstract
Near- and long-term market applications for bulk GaN substrates are examined, along with motivations and challenges for adopting the substrate technology for specific device applications. The near-term demand for bulk GaN is driven primarily by laser diodes, while solid state lighting and power electronics will drive the long-term demand. Challenges to achieving broad market penetration include increased volume production and reduced manufacturing cost, which are needed to penetrate incumbent GaN device technologies based on foreign substrates.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Some Facts about the Lighting Industry Today and Its Potential for Change in the Future, http://www.nglia.org/documents/SSL-Benefits.pdf (October 2008)
http://www.netl.doe.gov/ssl/usingLeds/general_illumination_efficiency_luminous.htm (October 2008)
http://www.netl.doe.gov/ssl/comm_testing.htm (October 2008)
Strategies Unlimited, The Market for High-Brightness LEDs in Lighting: Application Analysis and Forecast – 2008, August 2008
http://www.lbl.gov/today/2006/Mar/14-Tue/standby.html (October 2008)
J.P. Ross, A. Meier, Whole-house measurements of standby power consumption. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, Naples (Italy). (Association of Italian Energy Economics, Rome, 2000). Also published as Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report LBNL-45967, (Rome)
Pulling the plug on standby power, The Economist, March 9, 2006
A. Raskin, S. Shah, The emergence of hybrid vehicles. AllianceBernstein, Research on Strategic Change, June 2006
M. Amin, J. Stringer, The electric power grid: today and tomorrow. MRS Bulletin 33, 399 (2008)
J.W. Palmour, In IEEE Compound Semiconductor IC Symposium, 2006
T. Hausken, Are GaN & SiC ready for prime time? In IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Feb. 24–28, 2008, Austin, TX, USA
http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/oct2005/id20051021_469296.htm. (October 2008)
http://compoundsemiconductor.net/cws/article/news/35847 (October 2008)
http://compoundsemiconductor.net/cws/article/news/30529 (October 2008)
http://www.sony.net/Products/SC-HP/cx_news/vol49/pdf/sld3131vf_vfi.pdf. (October 2008)
http://www.sony.net/Products/SC-HP/cx_news/vol49/pdf/sld3234vf_vfi.pdf. (October 2008)
http://www.eetimes.com/showArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=2GCT0UEZ5S0BEQSNDLRSKH0CJ UNN2JV%20N?articleID = 198001549. (October 2008)
M. Ikeda, S. Uchida, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 194, 407 (2002)
http://compoundsemiconductor.net/cws/article/news/32952. (October 2008)
R. Stevenson, Compound Semicond. 12, 22 (2006)
http://compoundsemiconductor.net/cws/article/business/36163 (October 2008)
http://www.eetimes.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID = 194400941. (October 2008)
S. Nakamura, M. Senoh, S. Nagahama, N. Iwasa, T. Yamada, T. Matsushita, H. Kiyoku, Y. Sugimoto, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, L74 (1996)
S. Porowski et al., Blue lasers on high pressure grown GaN single crystal substrates, Europhysics News 35, (3) 69 (2004)
S. Nakamura, Science 281, 956 (1998)
H.Y. Ryu, K.H. Ha, J.H. Chae, K.S. Kim, J.K. Son, O.H. Nam, Y.J. Park, J.I. Shim, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 171106 (2006)
M. Ikeda, T. Mizuno, M. Takeya, S. Goto, S. Ikeda, T. Fujimoto, Y. Ohfuji, T. Hashizu, Phys. Stat. Sol. (c) 1, 1461 (2004)
O.H. Nam, et al. Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 201, 2717 (2004)
S. Ito, Y. Yamasaki, S. Omi, K. Takatani, T. Kawakami, T. Ohno, M. Ishida, Y. Ueta, T. Yuasa, M. Taneya, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43, 96 (2004)
M.-H. Kim, M.F. Schubert, Q. Dai, J.K. Kim, E.F. Schubert, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 183507 (2007)
H. Masui, H. Kroemer, M.C. Schmidt, K.-C. Kim, N.N Fellows, S. Nakamura, S.P. DenBaars, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 082001 (2008)
M. Kunzer, M. Baeumler, K. Köhler, C.-C. Leancu, U. Kaufmann, J. Wagner, Phys. Stat. Sol. A 204, 236 (2007)
Y.C. Shen, G.O. Mueller, S. Watanabe, N.F. Gardner, A. Munkholm, M.R. Krames, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 141101 (2007)
Y. Yang, X.A. Cao, C. Yan, IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 55, 1771 (2008)
I. Ho, G.B. Stringfellow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 3701 (1996)
Y.-H. Cho, S.K. Lee, H.S. Kwack, J.Y. Kim, K.S. Lim, H.M. Kim, T.W. Kang, S.N. Lee, M.S. Seon, O.H. Nam, Y.J. Park, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2578 (2003)
Y. Chen, T. Takeuch, H. Amano, I. Akasaki, N. Yamada, Y. Kaneko, S.Y. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 710 (1998)
C. Wetzel, T. Salagaj, T. Detchprohm, P. Li, J.S. Nelson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 866 (2004)
Unipress InGaN MBE
Z. Ren, Q. Sun, S.-Y. Kwon, J. Han, K. Davitt, Y.K. Song, A.V. Nurmikko, W. Liu, J. Smart, L. Schowalter, Phys. Stat. Solidi (c) 4, 2482 (2007)
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, F. Fantini, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 55, 1592 (2008).
K.K. Chu, P.C. Chao, M.T. Pizzella, R. Actis, D.E. Meharry, K.B. Nichols, R.P. Vaudo, X. Xu, J.S. Flynn, J. Dion, G.R. Brandes, IEEE Electron Dev. Lett. 25, 596 (2004)
D.F. Storm, D.S. Katzer, J.A. Roussos, J.A. Mittereder, R. Bass, S.C. Binari, D. Hanser, E.A. Preble, K.R. Evans, J. Cryst. Growth, 301–302, 429 (2007)
J.W. Hsu, M.J. Manfra, R.J. Molnar, B. Heying, J.S. Speck, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 79 (2002)
B.B. Simpkins, E.T. Yu, P. Waltereit, J.S. Speck, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 1448 (2003)
K.H. Baik, Y. Irokawa, J. Kim, J.R. LaRoche, F. Ren, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park, S.J. Pearton, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3192 (2003)
Y. Zhou, M. Li, D. Wang, C. Ahyi, C.-C. Tin, J. Williams, M. Park, N.M. Williams, A. Hanser, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 113509 (2006)
H. Lu, R. Zhang, X. Xiu, Z. Xie, Y. Zheng, Z. Li, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 172113 (2007)
T. Uesugi, R&D Review of Toyota CRDL 35 1 (2000.6)
H. Ueda, M. Sugimoto, T. Uesugi, and T. Kachi, Wide-bandgap semiconductors for automobile applications, In CS MANTECH Conference, April 24–27, 2006, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
C. Gmachl, H.M. Ng, S.N.G. Chu, A.Y. Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3722 (2000)
G. Sun, R.A. Soref, J.B. Khurgin, Superlattices Microstruct. 37, 107 (2005)
J.B. Limb et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 011112 (2006)
O. Jani, H. Yu, E. Trybus, B. Jampana, I. Ferguson, A. Doolittle, C. Honsburg, Effect of phase separation on performance of III–V nitride solar cells, In 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, September 3–7, 2007, Milan, Italy
C. Mion, J.F. Muth, E.A. Preble, D. Hanser, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 092123 (2006).
S. Kubo, K. Fujito, H. Nagaoka, T. Mochizuki, H. Namita, S. Nagao, Bulk GaN crystals grown by HVPE, In Second International Symposium on Growth of III-Nitrides, July 6–9, 2008, Laforet Shuzenji, Izu, Japan
A. Sarua, H. Ji, M. Kuball, M.J. Uren, T. Martin, K.P. Hilton, R.S. Balmer, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 53, 2438 (2006)
A. Sarua, H. Ji, K.P. Hilton, D.J. Wallis, M.J. Uren, T. Martin, M. Kuball, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 54, 3152 (2007)
A.D. Hanser, E.A. Preble, L. Liu, K. R. Evans, B.K. Wagner, H.M. Harris, Thermal benefits of native GaN substrates, In Advanced Technology Workshop on Advanced Substrates and Next-Generation Semiconductors, April 30–May 1, 2008, Linthicum Heights, Maryland, USA
M. Harris, B. Wagner, S. Halpern, M. Dobbs, C. Pagel, B. Stuffle, J. Henderson, K. Johnson, Full two-dimensional electroluminescent (EL) analysis of GaAs/AlGaAs HBTs, In Proc. IEEE-IRPS, vol. 121 (1999)
C. G. Michel, G. J. Vendura, H. S. Marek, J. Elect. Mat. 16, 295 (1987)
G. Mueller, P. Berwian, E. Buhrig, and B. Weinert, GaAs substrate for high power laser diodes, in High Power Diode Lasers, ed by R. Diehl, Topics Appl. Phys. 78, 121 (2000)
M.J. Rosker, in IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium 2007, pp 1–4
I.P. Smirnova, L.K. Markov, D.A. Zakheim, E.M. Arakcheeva, M.R. Rymalis, Semicond. 40, 1363 (2006)
http://compoundsemiconductor.net/cws/article/fab/36330. (October 2008)
K. Okamoto, H. Ohta, S.F. Chichibu, J. Ichihara, J. Takasu, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, L190 (2007)
M.C. Schmidt et al. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, L190 (2007)
J.P. Liu et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 011123 (2008)
H. Zhong, A. Tyagi, N.N. Fellows, F. Wu, R.B. Chung, M. Saito, K. Fujito, J.S. Speck, S.P. DenBaars, S. Nakamura, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 233504 (2007)
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/news/5/7/22. (October 2008)
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/news/4/9/9. (October 2008)
O.B. Shchekin, J.E. Epler, T.A. Trottier, T. Margalith, D.A. Steigerwald, M.O. Holcomb, P.S. Martin, M.R. Krames, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 071109 (2006)
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/news/4/3/7. (October 2008)
W. Huang, T.P. Chow, and T. Khan, Phys. Stat. Sol (a) 204, 2064 (2007)
J.S. Jur, V.D. Wheeler, M.T. Veety, D.J. Lichtenwalner, D.W. Barlage, and M.A.L. Johnson, Epitaxial rare earth oxide growth on GaN for enhancement-mode MOSFETs, in CS MANTECH Conference, April 14–17, 2008, Wheeling, Illinois, USA
Yole Développement, 4′′ epi-wafer needs for GaN-based RF devices market 2005–2012, 2008
R. Dwiliński, R. Doradziński, J. Garczyński, L.P. Sierzputowski, A. Puchalski, Y. Kanbara, K. Yagi, H. Minakuchi, H. Hayashi, J. Cryst. Growth 310, 3911 (2008)
I. Grzegory, M. Boćkowski, S. Porowski, in Bulk Crystal Growth of Electronic, Optical, and Optoelectronic Materials, ed. by P. Capper (Wiley, UK, 2005), Chap. 6, pp. 173–207
F. Kawamura, M. Morishita, M. Tanpo, M. Imade, M. Yoshimura, Y. Kitaoka, Y. Mori, T. Sasaki, J. Cryst. Growth 310, 3946 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hanser, A.D., Evans, K.R. (2010). Development of the Bulk GaN Substrate Market. In: Ehrentraut, D., Meissner, E., Bockowski, M. (eds) Technology of Gallium Nitride Crystal Growth. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 133. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04830-2_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04830-2_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04828-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-04830-2
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)