SELMAS 2006: Software Engineering for Multi-Agent Systems V pp 148-164 | Cite as
Towards an Ontological Account of Agent-Oriented Goals
Abstract
The software agent paradigm has received considerable attention recently, both in research and industrial practice. However, adoption of this software paradigm remains elusive in software engineering practice. We claim that part of the adoption problem lies with the fact that mentalistic and social concepts underlying agents are subjective and complex for the average practitioner. Specifically, although there are many efforts related to the topic coming from philosophy, cognitive sciences and computer science, a uniform and well-founded semantic view on these concepts is currently lacking. This work extends an existing upper-level ontology and offers it as a foundation for evaluating and designing agent-oriented modeling languages. In particular, the paper focuses on the concept of goal, aiming at disambiguating its definition, discussing its different manifestations, and clarifying its relation to other important agent-related concepts. For that, we examine how goals are conceived and used according to some relevant literature on agent-orientation. In addition, related work on akin fields, especially philosophy and AI are used as a basis for the proposed ontological extensions.
Keywords
Modeling Language Multiagent System Physical Agent Requirement Engineer Plan ExecutionPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- [Bernon et al., 2004]Bernon, C., Cossentino, M., Gleizes, M., Turci, P., Zambonelli, F.: A Study of some Multi-agent Meta-models. In: Odell, J.J., Giorgini, P., Müller, J.P. (eds.) AOSE 2004. LNCS, vol. 3382, pp. 62–77. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)Google Scholar
- [Boella et al., 1999]Boella, G., Damiano, R., Lesmo, L.: A Utility Based Approach to Cooperation among Agents. In: Proceedings of the Worskhop on Foundations and applications of collective agent based systems (ESSLLI’99), Utrecht, The Netherlands (1999)Google Scholar
- [Bottazzi and Ferrario, 2005]Bottazzi, E., Ferrario, R.: A Path to an Ontology of Organizations. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Vocabularies, Ontologies and Rules for The Enterprise (VORTE’05), Enschede, The Netherlands, Centre for Telematics and Information Technology, CTIT (2005)Google Scholar
- [Bratman, 1987]Bratman, M.E.: Intentions, Plans, and Practical Reason. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1987)Google Scholar
- [Bresciani et al., 2004]Bresciani, P., Giorgini, P., Giunchiglia, F., Mylopoulos, J., Perini, A.: Tropos: An Agent-Oriented Software Development Methodology. International Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems 8(3), 203–236 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Castelfranchi, 1995]Castelfranchi, C.: Commitments: From Individual Intentions to Groups and Organizations. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems, MIT Press, Cambridge (1995)Google Scholar
- [Castelfranchi and Falcone, 1998]Castelfranchi, C., Falcone, R.: Towards a Theory of Delegation for Agent-Based Systems. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 24(24), 141–157 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Cohen and Levesque, 1990]Cohen, P.R., Levesque, H.J.: Intention is Choice with Commitment. Artificial Intelligence 42(3), 213–261 (1990)CrossRefMathSciNetMATHGoogle Scholar
- [Conte and Castelfranchi, 1995]Conte, R., Castelfranchi, C.: Cognitive and Social Action. UCL Press, London (1995)Google Scholar
- [Dastani et al., 2006]Dastani, M., van Riemsdijk, M.B., Meyer, J.-J.: Goal Types in Agent Programming. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Riva del Garda, Italy, pp. 220–224. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2006)Google Scholar
- [Dignum, 2004]Dignum, V.: A Model for Organizational Interaction: Based on Agents, Founded in Logic. PhD thesis, Utrecht University, The Netherlands (2004)Google Scholar
- [Esteva et al., 2002]Esteva, M., Padget, J.A., Sierra, C.: Formalizing a Language for Institutions and Norms. In: Meyer, J.-J.C., Tambe, M. (eds.) ATAL 2001. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2333, pp. 348–366. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Ferber and Gutknecht, 1998]Ferber, J., Gutknecht, O.: A meta-model for the analysis and design of organizations in multi-agent systems. In: ICMAS ’98: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Multi Agent Systems, Washington, DC, USA, p. 128. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Ghallab et al., 2004]Ghallab, M., Nau, D., Traverso, P.: Automated Planning: Theory and Practice. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo (2004)MATHGoogle Scholar
- [Guizzardi, 2005]Guizzardi, G.: Ontological Foundations for Structural Conceptual Models. PhD thesis, University of Twente, The Netherlands (2005)Google Scholar
- [Guizzardi and Wagner, 2005]Guizzardi, G., Wagner, G.: Some Applications of a Unified Foundational Ontology in Business Modeling. In: Rosemann, M., Green, P. (eds.) Ontologies and Business Systems Analysis, pp. 345–367. Idea Group, London (2005)Google Scholar
- [Guizzardi, 2006]Guizzardi, R.S.S.: Agent-oriented Constructivist Knowledge Management. PhD thesis, University of Twente, The Netherlands (2006)Google Scholar
- [Henderson-Sellers et al., 2005]Henderson-Sellers, B., Debenham, J., Tran, Q.-N.N., Cossentino, M., Low, G.: Identification of Reusable Method Fragments from the PASSI Agent-Oriented Methodology. In: Kolp, M., Bresciani, P., Henderson-Sellers, B., Winikoff, M. (eds.) AOIS 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3529, pp. 95–110. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Hubner et al., 2002]Hubner, J.F., Sichman, J.S., Boissier, O.: A Model for the Structural, Functional, and Deontic Specification of Organizations in Multiagent Systems. In: Bittencourt, G., Ramalho, G.L. (eds.) SBIA 2002. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2507, pp. 118–128. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Masolo et al., 2003]Masolo, C., Borgo, S., Gangemi, A., Guarino, N., Oltramari, A.: Ontology Library, WonderWeb Deliverable. Technical Report D18, LOA-CNR, Trento, Italy (2003)Google Scholar
- [Odell et al., 2004]Odell, J., Nodine, M., Levy, R.: A Metamodel for Agents, Roles, and Groups. In: Odell, J.J., Giorgini, P., Müller, J.P. (eds.) AOSE 2004. LNCS, vol. 3382, pp. 78–92. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)Google Scholar
- [Perini and Susi, 2005]Perini, A., Susi, A.: Automating Model Transformations in Agent-Oriented Modelling. In: Müller, J.P., Zambonelli, F. (eds.) AOSE 2005. LNCS, vol. 3950, pp. 167–178. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Rao and Georgeff, 1991]Rao, A.S., Georgeff, M.P.: Modeling Rational Agents within a BDI-Architecture. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR’91), Cambridge, MA, USA, pp. 473–484. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1991)Google Scholar
- [Shoham, 1993]Shoham, Y.: Agent-oriented Programming. Artificial Intelligence 60, 51–92 (1993)CrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- [van Lamsweerde, 2000]van Lamsweerde, A.: Requirements Engineering in the Year 00: A Research Perspective. In: Proceedings 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 5–19. ACM Press, New York (2000)Google Scholar
- [van Riemsdijk et al., 2005]van Riemsdijk, M.B., Dastani, M., Meyer, J.-J.: Semantics of Declarative Goals in Agent Programming. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Utrecht, The Netherlands (2005)Google Scholar
- [Wooldridge and Jennings, 1995]Wooldridge, M.J., Jennings, N.: Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice. Knowledge Engineering Review 10(2), 115–152 (1995)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [Yen et al., 2001]Yen, J., Yin, J., Ioerger, T.R., Miller, M.S., Xu, D., Volz, R.A.: CAST: Collaborative Agents for Simulating Teamwork. In: Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI’01), Seattle, WA, USA, pp. 1135–1144. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2001)Google Scholar
- [Yu, 1995]Yu, E.: Modeling Strategic Relationships for Process Reengineering. PhD thesis, University of Toronto, Canada (1995)Google Scholar