Anatomy of the Sebaceous Gland

Chapter

Abstract

Sebaceous glands are skin appendages found over the entire surface of the skin except for the palms and soles of the feet. They are particularly abundant on the face, the scalp, in the midline of the back, the perineum and are concentrated around the orifices of the body. They can number up to 400–900 glands/cm2 on the face [13]; they are most populous and most productive on the face and scalp and largest on the back and forehead [1].

Keywords

Hair Follicle Sebaceous Gland Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency Meibomian Gland Differentiate Cell Type 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. 1.
    Thody AJ, Shuster S. Control and function of sebaceous glands. Physiol Rev. 1989;69(2):383–416.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Ackermann AB. Histologic diagnosis of inflammatory skin diseases. Philadelphia, London: Lea & Febiger; 1978.Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    McKee PH, Marsden RA, Headington JT. Pathology of the skin with clinical correlations. Philadelphia, PA, London: J.B. Lippincott Company, Gower Medical Publishing; 1989.Google Scholar
  4. 4.
    Lever WF, Schaumburg-Lever G. Histopathology of the skin. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott Company; 1990.Google Scholar
  5. 5.
    Hyman AB, Brownstein MH. Tyson’s “glands”. Ectopic sebaceous glands and papillomatosis penis. Arch Dermatol. 1969;99(1):31–6.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Wollina U, Abdel-Nasser MB, Ganceviciene R, et al. Receptors of eccrine, apocrine, and holocrine skin glands. Dermatol Clin. 2007;25(4):577–88.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, et al. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 7th ed. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2008.Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    Zouboulis CC. Sebaceous glands and the prostaglandin pathway-keystones of an exciting mosaic. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125(5):x–xi.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Fuchs E. Skin stem cells: rising to the surface. J Cell Biol. 2008;180(2):273–84.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Xia L, Zouboulis CC, Detmar M, et al. Isolation of human sebaceous glands and cultivation of sebaceous gland-derived cells as an in vitro model. J Invest Dermatol. 1989;93(3):315–21.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Zouboulis CC. Isotretinoin revisited: pluripotent effects on human sebaceous cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2006;126(10):2154–6.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Zouboulis CC, Baron JM, Böhm M, et al. Frontiers in sebaceous gland biology and pathology. Exp Dermatol. 2008;17(6):542–51.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Celso CL, Berta MA, Braun KM, et al. Characterization of bipotential epidermal progenitors derived from human sebaceous gland: contrasting roles of c-Myc and beta-catenin. Stem Cells. 2008;26(5):1241–52.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Ghazizadeh S, Taichman LB. Multiple classes of stem cells in cutaneous epithelium: a lineage analysis of adult mouse skin. EMBO J. 2001;20(6):1215–22.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Song WC, Hu KS, Kim HJ, et al. A study of the secretion mechanism of the sebaceous gland using three-dimensional reconstruction to examine the morphological relationship between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle in the follicular unit. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(2):325–30.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Harrison WJ, Bull JJ, Seltmann H, et al. Expression of lipogenic factors galectin-12, resistin, SREBP-1, and SCD in human sebaceous glands and cultured sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2007;127(6):1309–17.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Wróbel A, Seltmann H, Fimmel S, et al. Differentiation and apoptosis in human immortalized sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120(2):175–81.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Saint-Léger D. Normal and pathologic sebaceous function. Research in a shallow milieu? Pathol Biol. 2003;51(5):275–8.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Pelle E, McCarthy J, Seltmann H, et al. Identification of histamine receptors and reduction of squalene levels by an antihistamine in sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;128(5):1280–5.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Downing DT, Stewart ME, Wertz PW, et al. Skin lipids: an update. J Invest Dermatol. 1987;88(3 Suppl):2s–6.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and ImmunologyDessau Medical CenterDessauGermany

Personalised recommendations