Understanding Global Fire Dynamics by Classifying and Comparing Spatial Models of Vegetation and Fire

  • Robert E. Keane
  • Geoffrey J. Cary
  • Ian D. Davies
  • Michael D. Flannigan
  • Robert H. Gardner
  • Sandra Lavorel
  • James M. Lenihan
  • Chao Li
  • T. Scott Rupp
Part of the Global Change — The IGBP Series book series (GLOBALCHANGE)

Keywords

Fire Regime Fire Effect Fire Spread Fuel Moisture Fuel Treatment 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Agee JK (1993) Fire ecology of Pacific Northwest Forests. Island Press, Washington DC USAGoogle Scholar
  2. Albini FA (1976) Estimating wildfire behavior and effects. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report INT-30. Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, UT, USA. 45 pagesGoogle Scholar
  3. Anderson DG, Catchpole EA, DeMestre NJ, Parkes E (1982) Modeling the spread of grass fires. J. Austral. Math. Soc. 23:451–466CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Bristow KL; Campbell GS (1984) On the relationship between incoming solar radiation and daily maximum and minimum temperature. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 31:159–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Cary GJ (1998) Predicting fire regimes and their ecological effects in spatially complex landscapes. Doctoral dissertation. Australian National University, Canberra, AUGoogle Scholar
  6. Cary GJ (2002) Importance of a changing climate for fire regimes in Australia. In: Bradstock RA, Gill AM, Williams JE (eds) Flammable Australia: the fire regimes and biodiversity of a continent. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 26–46Google Scholar
  7. Cary GJ, Banks JCG (1999) Fire regime sensitivity to global climate change: An Australia perspective. in J L Innes, M Beniston, and MM Verstraete, Editors. Advances in Global Change Research: Biomass burning and its inter-relationships with the climate system. Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, UKGoogle Scholar
  8. Cary GJ, Gallant JC (1997) Application of a stochastic climate generator for fire danger modelling. Proceedings of the Bushfire’ 97 Australasian Bushfire Conference, July 1997, Darwin, Northern Territory, AustraliaGoogle Scholar
  9. Cary GJ, Keane RE, Gardner RH, Lavorel S, Flannigan MD, Davies ID, Li C, Lenihan JM, Rupp TS, Mouillot F (2006) Comparison of the sensitivity of landscape-fire-succession models to variation in terrain, fuel pattern and climate. Landscape Ecology 21: 121–137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Clark JS (1988) Effect of climate change on fire regimes in northwestern Minnesota. Nature 334:233–235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Clark JS (1993) Fire, climate change, and forest processes during the past 2000 years. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 276:295–308Google Scholar
  12. Crutzen PJ, Goldammer JG (1993) Fire in the Environment: The ecological, atmospheric and climatic importance of vegetation fires. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, USAGoogle Scholar
  13. DeBano LF, Neary DG, Folliott PF (1998) Fire’s Effect on Ecosystems. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York USA. 254 pagesGoogle Scholar
  14. Díaz S, Cabido M (1997) Plant functional types and ecosystem function in relation to global change. Journal of Vegetation Science 8:121–133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Flannigan MD, Van Wagner CE (1991) Climate change and wildfire in Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21:66–72Google Scholar
  16. Forestry Canada Fire Danger Group (1992) Development and structure of the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction Systems. Information Report ST-X-3. Ottawa: Forestry Canada, Science and Sustainable Development Directorate. 63 pagesGoogle Scholar
  17. Fox BJ, Fox MD, McKay GM (1979) Litter accumulation after fire in a eucalypt forest. Australian Journal of Botany 27:157–65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Gardner RH, Hargrove WW, Turner MG, Romme WH (1996) Climate change, disturbances and landscape dynamics. In: Walker BH, Steffen WL (eds) Global change and terrestrial ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, pp 149–172Google Scholar
  19. Gardner RH, Romme WH, Turner MG (1999) Predicting forest fire effects at landscape scales. Pages 163–185 in DJ Mladenoff and WL Baker Editors. Spatial modeling of forest landscape change: approaches and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United KingdomGoogle Scholar
  20. Gill AM (1975) Fire and the Australian flora: a review. Australian Forestry 38, 4–25Google Scholar
  21. Hargrove WW, Gardner RH, Turner MG, Romme WH, Despain DG (2000) Simulating fire patterns in heterogeneous landscapes. Ecological Modelling 135:243–263CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Hawkes BC; Flannigan MD, Editors (2000) Landscape fire modeling-challenges and opportunitites. Northern Forestry Centre Information Report NOR-X-371, Canadian Forestry Service, Victoria, British Columbia. 68 pagesGoogle Scholar
  23. Hirsch KG (1996) Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Prediction (FBP) System: User’s Guide. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northwest Region, Northern Forest Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Special Report Number 7. 12 pagesGoogle Scholar
  24. IPCC (2001) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. IPCC Third Assessment Report: Summaries for Policymakers WG I Climate Change 2001Google Scholar
  25. Johnson EA (1992) Fire and vegetation dynamics: studies from the North American boreal forest. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
  26. Kasischke ES, Christensen JL, Stocks BJ (1995) Fire, global warming, and the carbon balance of boreal forests. Ecological Applications 5:437–451CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Keane RE, Finney MA (2003) The simulation of landscape fire, climate, and ecosystem dynamics. In: Veblen TT, Baker WL, Montenegro GT, Swetnam TW, editors. Fire and Global Change intemperate Ecosystems of the Western Americas. Springer-Verlag, New York, USAGoogle Scholar
  28. Keane RE, Long D, Basford D, Levesque BA (1997) Simulating vegetation dynamics across multiple scales to assess alternative management strategies. Pages 310–315 in Conference Proceedings — GIS 97, 11th Annual symposium on Geographic Information Systems — Integrating spatial information technologies for tomorrow. GIS World, INC., Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaGoogle Scholar
  29. Keane RE, Ryan KC, Finney MA (1998) Simulating the consequences of altered fire regimes on a complex landscape in Glacier National Park, USA. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference 20:310–324Google Scholar
  30. Keane RE, Parsons R, Hessburg P (2002) Estimating historical range and variation of landscape patch dynamics: Limitations of the simulation approach. Ecological Modelling 151:29–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Keane RE, Cary G, Davies ID, Flannigan MD, Gardner RH, Lavorel S, Lenihan JM, Li C, Rupp TS (2004) A classification of landscape fire succession models: spatially explicit models of fire and vegetation dynamics. Ecological Modelling 179(1):3–27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Knight DH (1987) Parasites, lightning, and the vegetation mosaic in wilderness landscapes. In: Turner MG (ed) Landscape heterogeneity and disturbance. Springer-Verlag, New York, USA, pp 59–83Google Scholar
  33. Lavorel S, Davies ID, Nobel IR (2000) LAMOS: a Landscape MOdelling Shell. Pages 25–28 in B. Hawkes and MD Flannigan, editors. Landscape fire modeling-challenges and opportunities. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Vancouver, BC, CanadaGoogle Scholar
  34. Lenihan JM, Daly C, Bachelet D, Neilson RP (1998) Simulating broad scale fire severity in a dynamic global vegetation model. Northwest Science 72:91–103Google Scholar
  35. Li C (2000) Reconstruction of natural fire regimes through ecological modelling. Ecological Modelling 134:129–144CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. Li C (2001) Fire disturbance patterns and forest age structure. Natural Resource Modeling 14:495–521CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. Matalas NC (1967) Mathematical assessment of synthetic hydrology. Water Resources Research 3, 937–45Google Scholar
  38. McArthur AG (1967) Fire behavior in eucalypt forests. Leaflet Number 107 Commonwealth of Australia Forestry and Timber Bureau. 16 pGoogle Scholar
  39. McCarthy MA, Cary GJ (2002) Fire regimes in landscapes: models and realities. Pages 77–94 in R Bradstock, J Williams, AM Gill, editors. Flammable Australia: the fire regimes and biodiversity of a continent. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United KingdomGoogle Scholar
  40. McCune B, Mefford MJ (1999) PC-ORD, Multivariate analysis of ecological data. Version 4. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USAGoogle Scholar
  41. Neilson RP, Running SW (1996) Global dynamic vegetation modelling: coupling biogeochemistry and biogeography models. Pages 451–465 in Global change and terrestrial ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York, USAGoogle Scholar
  42. Noble IR, Bary GAV, Gill AM (1980) McArthur’s fire-danger meters expressed as equations. Australian Journal of Ecology 5:201–203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. Olsen J (1981) Carbon balance in relation to fire regimes. Pages 327–378 in HA Mooney, Bonnicksen TM, Christensen NL, Lotan JE, Reiners WA (Technical Coordinators), editor. Proceedings of the Conference Fire Regimes and Ecosystem Properties. USDA Forest Service. Washington Office Report WO-3Google Scholar
  44. Pausas JG, Austin MP, Noble IR (1997) A forest simulation model for predicting eucalypt dynamics and habitat quality for arboreal marsupials. Ecological Applications 7:921–933CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  45. Quinlan JR (2003) Data mining tools See5 and C5.0. RULEQUEST RESEARCH, St. Ives, NSW, Australia. www.rulequest.com/see5-info.htmlGoogle Scholar
  46. Raison RJ, Woods PV, Khanna PK (1986) Decomposition and accumulation of litter after fire in sub-alpine eucalypt forests. Australian Journal of Ecology 11, 9–19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  47. Reinhardt ED, Keane RE, Brown JK (2001) Modeling fire effects. International Journal of Wildland Fire 10:373–380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  48. Richardson CW (1981) Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation. Water Resources Research 17:182–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  49. Roderick ML (1999) Estimating the diffuse component from daily and monthly measurements of global radiation. Agric For Meteorol 95:169–185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  50. Rothermel RC (1972) A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels. Research Paper INT-115, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah. 56 pagesGoogle Scholar
  51. Rupp TS, Keane RE, Lavorel S, Flannigan MD, Cary GJ (2001) Towards a classification of landscape fire succession models. GCTE News 17:1–4Google Scholar
  52. Ryan KC (1991) Vegetation and wildland fire: implications of global climate change. Environment International 17:169–178CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  53. Starfield AM, Chapin FS (1996) Model of transient changes in arctic and boreal vegetation in response to climate and land use change. Ecological Applications 6:842–864CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  54. Swanson FJ, Franklin JF, Sedell JR (1997) Landscape patterns, disturbance, and management in the Pacific Northwest, USA. In: Zonnneveld IS, Forman RTT (eds) Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 191–213Google Scholar
  55. Swetnam TW (1997) Mesoscale disturbance and ecological response to decadal climatic variability in the American Southwest. Journal of Climate 11:3128–3147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  56. Swetnam TW, Baisan CH (1996) Historical fire regime patterns in the soutwestern United States since ad 1700. Pages 11–32 in CD Allen, editor. Fire effects in southwestern forests, Proceedings of the 2nd La Mesa Fire Symposium. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, USDAGoogle Scholar
  57. Thonicke KS, Venevski S, Sitch S, Cramer W (2001) The role of fire disturbance for global vegetation dynamics: coupling fire into a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 10:661–678CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  58. Van Wagner CE (1987) Development and structure of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. Forestry Technical Report No. 35. Ottawa: Canadian Forestry Service. 36 pGoogle Scholar
  59. Weber MG, Flannigan MD (1997) Canadian boreal forest ecosystem structure and function in a changing climate: impact on fire regimes. Environmental Review 5:145–156CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  • Robert E. Keane
    • 1
  • Geoffrey J. Cary
    • 2
  • Ian D. Davies
    • 3
  • Michael D. Flannigan
    • 4
  • Robert H. Gardner
    • 5
  • Sandra Lavorel
    • 6
  • James M. Lenihan
    • 7
  • Chao Li
    • 8
  • T. Scott Rupp
    • 9
  1. 1.Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences LaboratoryUSDA Forest ServiceMissoulaUSA
  2. 2.Research School of Biological Sciences, and The Bushfire Cooperative Research CenterAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
  3. 3.Ecosystem Dynamics, Research School of Biological SciencesAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
  4. 4.Canadian Forest ServiceSault Ste MarieCanada
  5. 5.Appalachian LaboratoryUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceFrostburgUSA
  6. 6.Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553Université Joseph FourierGrenoble Cedex 9France
  7. 7.Pacific Northwest Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceCorvallisUSA
  8. 8.Canadian Forest ServiceEdmontonCanada
  9. 9.Department of Forest SciencesUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUSA

Personalised recommendations